Sankissa

Sankissa has ruins of ancient Buddhist monasteries, and other monuments from Buddhist and Hindu traditions. The Briton Alexander Cunningham explored the site in 1842.

Sankissa is now identified with Sankisa Basantapura on the north bank of the Ikkhumati river (Kalinadi), between Kampil and Kannauj. It is twenty-three miles west of Fatehgarh, twenty-five south of Kaimganj and forty-five north of Kannauj, in the Farrukhabad district of the Uttar Pradesh state of India.

The Buddha's return at Sankissa

Events at Sankissa are recorded in the Tipitaka. It was at Sankissa that the Buddha returned to earth, after preaching the Abhidhamma Pitaka in Tavatimsa heaven to his mother and to the gods, following his performance of the Twin miracle at Sravasti. As the time approached for the Buddha to leave Távatimsa after his three-month stay, his disciple Moggallana (Anuruddha, according to Sutta Nipāta Commentary ii 570) announced his coming return to the multitude who had been waiting at Sravasti. They had been fed by Culla Anathapindika as Moggallana taught the Dhamma. They all then made their way to Sankissa to meet the Buddha at his return.

The descent of the Buddha took place on the day of the Mahapavarana festival. The king of the gods Indra built three ladders for the Buddha's descent from Mount Meru to the earth with his retinue: On the right was a ladder of gold for the gods; on the left a silver ladder for Maha Brahma and his retinue; and in the middle a ladder of jewels for the Buddha. The assembled people covered the earth for thirty leagues round. At the top of the ladder, there was a clear view of the nine Brahma worlds above and of the Avici hell below. The Buddha was accompanied by many beings including Pañcasikha, Mátali, Mahá Brahmá and Suyáma. His disciple Sariputta was the first to welcome him, followed by Uppalavanna.

On this occasion the Parosahassa Jataka was taught to proclaim to the multitude the unparalleled wisdom of Sariputta. It is also written that the Buddha's descent at Sankissa had provided opportunities for Moggallana to show his eminence in iddhi (supranormal knowledge), Anuruddha in dibbacakkhu (ability to see far), and Punna in his skills in teaching, while the Buddha wished to give Sariputta a chance of showing his profound wisdom.

The location of the city gate of Sankissa is said to be at one of the "unchangeable" spots of the world, or avijahitatthanam, where all of the Buddhas descend to the human world after preaching the Abhidhamma to their mothers in the Heavens. From Sankissa, the Buddha went to Jetavana grove.