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- B − LIn particle physics, B − L (pronounced "bee minus ell") is a quantum number which is the d
- B mesonSubatomic particle
- B ReactorFirst industrial-scale nuclear reactor
- Baccarat (company)French glassware manufacturer
- Back-reactionIn theoretical physics, back-reaction (or backreaction) is often necessary to calculate th
- Background field methodTechnique in quantum field theory
- Background radiationMeasure of ionizing radiation in the environment
- BackscatterReflection which reverses the direction of a wave, particle, or signal
- Bahrenfeldis a western quarter of the city of Hamburg in Germany, it is subject to the district/boro
- Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino TelescopeObservatory in Lake Baikal, Siberia
- Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff formulaFormula in Lie theory
- Bakewell GlassGlassware from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US
- Ball (bearing)Bearing balls are special highly spherical and smooth balls, most commonly used in ball be
- Ball-pen probeDiagnostic probe measuring plasma potential in magnetized plasmas
- Ballistic coefficientPhysical measure of overcoming air resistance
- Ballistic conductionMovement of charge carriers with negligible scattering
- Ballistic pendulumPendulum used in measuring a bullet's momentum
- BallisticsScience of the motion of projectiles
- Balmer seriesHydrogen spectral series
- Banachiewicz (crater)Banachiewicz is a largely degraded lunar impact crater that is located near the eastern li
- Band diagramDiagram plotting electron energy levels
- Band gapEnergy range in a solid where no electron states exist
- Band offsetBand offset describes the relative alignment of the energy bands at a semiconductor hetero
- Bandgap voltage referenceA bandgap voltage reference is a voltage reference circuit widely used in integrated circu
- Bankfield MuseumBankfield Museum is a grade II listed historic house museum, incorporating a regimental mu
- Banks–Zaks fixed pointIn quantum chromodynamics (and also N = 1 super quantum chromodynamics) with massless flav
- Bargmann–Wigner equationsWave equation for arbitrary spin particles
- Barnes–Hut simulationApproximation algorithm for the n-body problem
- Barton ZwiebachPeruvian theoretical physicist (b. 1954)
- BaryonHadron (subatomic particle) that is composed of three quarks
- Baryon asymmetryImbalance of matter and antimatter in the observable universe
- Baryon numberQuantum number relating the quantity of quarks and antiquarks in a system
- BASE experimentMultinational collaboration
- Base unit of measurementUnit of measurement adopted by convention for a base quantity
- Batchelor vortexIn fluid dynamics, Batchelor vortices, first described by George Batchelor in a 1964 artic
- Battle of MagentaBattle of the Second Italian War of Independence
- Bay windowArchitectural element
- BBGKY hierarchySet of equations describing the dynamics of a system of many interacting particles
- BCS theoryMicroscopic theory of superconductivity
- BeadSmall decorative object with central hole
- Beam splitterOptical device which splits a beam of light in two
- BeamlineTrajectory of a beam of accelerated particles
- Beat (acoustics)Interference pattern between signals of similar frequency
- Beer bottleBottle designed as a container for beer
- Beer–Lambert lawScientific law describing absorption of light
- BeigeColor
- Bekenstein boundUpper limit on entropy in physics
- Belavkin equationIn quantum probability, the Belavkin equation, also known as Belavkin-Schrödinger equation
- Bell stateQuantum states of two qubits
- Bell testExperiments to test Bell's theorem in quantum mechanics
- Bell's spaceship paradoxThought experiment in special relativity
- Bell's theoremTheorem in physics
- Belle experiment1999-2010 Japanese particle physics experiment
- Belle II experimentJapanese particle physics experiment
- Belmont Glass WorksGlass manufacturer in 19th-century Ohio
- Beltrami identitySpecial case of the Euler-Lagrange equations
- BendingStrain caused by an external load
- Bending momentForce tending to bend a structural element
- Benjamin ThompsonBritish military officer, scientist and inventor
- Berman flowIn fluid dynamics, Berman flow is a steady flow created inside a rectangular channel with
- Bernard JuliaBernard Julia (born 1952 in Paris) is a French theoretical physicist who has made contribu
- Bernard KoopmanAmerican mathematician
- Bernd SiebertBernd Siebert (born 5 March 1964 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf) is a German mathematician who rese
- Berni AlderAmerican physicist (1925–2020)
- Bernoulli's principlePrinciple relating to fluid dynamics
- Bernstein–Greene–Kruskal modesBernstein–Greene–Kruskal modes (a.k.a. BGK modes) are nonlinear electrostatic waves that p
- Bessel filterIn electronics and signal processing, a Bessel filter is a type of analog linear filter wi
- BESSYResearch establishment in Adlershof, Berlin, Germany
- Beta decayType of radioactive decay
- Beta particleIonizing radiation
- BetatronCyclic particle accelerator
- Bethe–Salpeter equationEquation for two-body bound states
- Betz's lawAerodynamic power limitation for wind turbines
- BevatronParticle accelerator at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Beyond Einstein programNASA project
- Bhabha scatteringIn quantum electrodynamics, Bhabha scattering is the electron-positron scattering process:
- BiasingIn electronics, biasing is the setting of DC (direct current) operating conditions (curren
- Bickley jetTwo-dimensional laminar plane jet
- Bidirectional scattering distribution functionThe definition of the BSDF (bidirectional scattering distribution function) is not well st
- BiexcitonQuasi-particle
- Big European Bubble ChamberThe Big European Bubble Chamber (BEBC) is a large detector formerly used to study particle
- Bilayer grapheneMaterial consisting of two layers of graphene
- Bill DorlandAmerican plasma physicist (1965–2024)
- Bimetallic stripTwo-sided strip that coils when heated or cooled
- Binaural recordingMethod of recording sound
- Binding energyEnergy required to separate particles
- Bindschadler Ice StreamBindschadler Ice Stream (81°00′S 142°00′W / 81.000°S 142.000°W) is an ice stream between S
- Bingham plasticMaterial which is solid at low stress but becomes viscous at high stress
- Binocular disparityCue to determine relative depth of an object
- BioacousticsStudy of sound relating to biology
- Bioactive glassSurface reactive glass-ceramic biomaterial
- Bioelectromagnetic medicineBioelectromagnetic medicine deals with the phenomenon of resonance signaling and discusses
- BioelectromagneticsStudy of electromagnetic fields and biological entity interaction
- Bioglass 45S5Bioactive glass biomaterial
- Biological thermodynamicsStudy of energy in living systems
- BiomagneticsBiomagnetics is a field of biotechnology. It has actively been researched since at least 2
- BiophotonPhoton from a biological source
- BiophotonicsOptical techniques for the study of biology
- BiophysicsInterdisciplinary science
- Biot–Savart lawLaw of classical electromagnetism
- BiquaternionQuaternions with complex number coefficients
- BirefringenceRefractive property of materials
- Birkeland currentCurrents flowing along geomagnetic field lines
- Birkhoff's theorem (electromagnetism)In physics, in the context of electromagnetism, Birkhoff's theorem concerns spherically sy
- Birkhoff's theorem (relativity)Statement of spherically symmetric spacetimes
- Birmingham Solar Oscillations NetworkNetwork of six solar observatories
- Bismuth strontium calcium copper oxideFamily of high-temperature superconductors
- Bistatic radarRadio wave detection and transmission system defined by its separation
- Bistatic sonarBistatic sonar is a sonar configuration in which transmitter and receiver are separated by
- BivectorSum of directed areas in exterior algebra
- Bivector (complex)In mathematics, a bivector is the vector part of a biquaternion. For biquaternion q = w +
- BKS theoryTheory in quantum mechanics
- BlackDarkest color
- Black bodyIdealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation
- Black hole information paradoxPuzzle of disappearance of information in a black hole
- Black hole ringdown spectroscopyMethod used to study black holes
- Black hole thermodynamicsConcept in general relativity and quantum field theory
- Black-body radiationThermal electromagnetic radiation
- BlacklightLight fixture that emits long-wave ultraviolet light and very little visible light
- Blade element theoryMathematical process by William Froude
- Blazed gratingType of diffraction grating
- Blended wing bodyAircraft design with no clear divide between fuselage and wing
- Bloch sphereRepresentation of a quantum mechanical system
- Bloch–Siegert shiftPhenomenon in quantum physics
- Bloch's theoremFundamental theorem in condensed matter physics
- Blondel's experimentsBlondel's experiments are a series of experiments performed by physicist André Blondel in
- BlueColour between violet and cyan on the visible spectrum of light
- Blue laserLaser which emits light with blue wavelengths
- Bode plotGraph of the frequency response of a control system
- BodumDanish kitchenware manufacturer
- Body-relative directionRelative coordinate axes
- Bogdanov affair2002 French academic dispute
- Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield boundLower energy limit in string theory
- Bohemian glassRegional glass product
- Bohr magnetonUnit of magnetic moment
- Bohr modelAtomic model introduced by Niels Bohr in 1913
- Bohr radiusUnit of length about the size of a hydrogen atom
- Bohr–Einstein debatesSeries of public disputes between physicists Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein
- BoilingPhysical process
- Boiling pointCharacteristic temperature for a substance
- Boiling water reactorNuclear reactor where water boils in core
- Bologna bottleType of glass bottle used as scientific and magic apparatus
- BolometerDevice for measuring incident electromagnetic radiation
- Boltzmann constantPhysical constant relating particle kinetic energy with temperature
- Boltzmann distributionProbability distribution of energy states of a system
- Boltzmann equationEquation of statistical mechanics
- Boltzmann's entropy formulaEquation in statistical mechanics
- Bonding in solidsClassification of bondings
- Book of Optics11th century treatise by Ibn al-Haytham
- Boosted fission weaponType of nuclear weapon
- Bootstrap modelTheory in particle physics
- Borda–Carnot equationEquation in fluid dynamics
- BorexinoNeutrino physics experiment in Italy
- Boris Arbuzov (physicist)Russian physicist
- Boris Belousov (chemist)Soviet scientist (1893–1970)
- Boris Chirikov20th-century Russian physicist
- Born approximationScattering theory
- Born reciprocityPrinciple in theoretical physics
- Born ruleCalculation rule in quantum mechanics
- Born seriesThe Born series is the expansion of different scattering quantities in quantum scattering
- Borromean nucleusAtomic nucleus of three bound components with no paired binding
- Bose gasState of matter of many bosons
- Bose–Einstein condensateState of matter
- Bose–Einstein condensation of polaritonsPolariton condensation
- Bose–Einstein correlationsIn astronomy, optics and particle physics, the Bose–Einstein correlations refer to correla
- Bose–Einstein statisticsDescription of the behaviour of bosons
- BosonClass of subatomic particle
- Bosonic fieldType of quantum field
- Bosonic string theory26-dimensional string theory
- Bottom quarkType of quark
- Boule (crystal)Synthetic ingot of crystal
- Bouncing ballPhysics of bouncing balls
- Bouncy ballSmall rubber toy ball
- Bound stateQuantum physics terminology
- Bound state in the continuumSpecial state of wave and quantum systems in physics
- Boundary element methodMethod of solving linear partial differential equations
- Boundary layerLayer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface
- Boundary layer controlFluid dynamics control in engineering
- Boundary layer suctionBoundary layer suction is a boundary layer control technique in which an air pump is used
- Boundary layer thicknessThis page describes some of the parameters used to characterize the thickness and shape of
- Boussinesq approximation (buoyancy)Simplification for simulating fluids under natural convection
- Boussinesq approximation (water waves)Approximation valid for weakly non-linear and fairly long waves
- Boyle's lawRelation between gas pressure and volume
- BPST instantonIn theoretical physics, the BPST instanton is the instanton with winding number 1 found by
- Bra–ket notationNotation for quantum states
- Brachylophus fasciatusBrachylophus fasciatus, the Lau banded iguana, is an arboreal species of lizard endemic to
- Bracing (aeronautics)Structural members to stiffen and strengthen airframe
- Brackett (crater)Brackett is a small lunar impact crater that lies near the southeast edge of Mare Serenita
- Bragg planeIn physics, a Bragg plane is a plane in reciprocal space which bisects a reciprocal lattic
- Bragg's lawScattering from arrays of atoms
- Branched flowScattering phenomenon in wave dynamics
- Branches of physicsScientific subjects
- Branching fractionFraction of total particles in a sample which decay by a given mode
- Brandon CarterAustralian physicist (born 1942)
- BraneExtended physical object in string theory
- Brans–Dicke theoryProposed theory of gravitation
- Bravais latticeGeometry and crystallography point array
- Brayton cycleThermodynamic cycle
- Breakdown voltageThe breakdown voltage of an insulator is the minimum voltage that causes a portion of an i
- Breaking waveUnstable wave
- Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental PhysicsInternational science award since 2012
- Breit equationRelativistic wave equation derived by Gregory Breit in 1929
- Breit–Wheeler processElectron-positron production from two photons
- BremsstrahlungElectromagnetic radiation due to deceleration of charged particles
- Brewster's angleAngle of incidence for which all reflected light will be polarized
- Brian GreeneAmerican theoretical physicist (born 1963)
- Bridged T delay equaliserThe bridged-T delay equaliser is an electrical all-pass filter circuit utilising bridged-T
- Bridgman sealHigh-pressure seal invented by and named after Percy Williams Bridgman
- Bridgman–Stockbarger methodMethod of crystallization
- Bridgman's thermodynamic equationsIn thermodynamics, Bridgman's thermodynamic equations are a basic set of thermodynamic equ
- BrightnessPerception of light level
- Brillouin zonePrimitive cell in the reciprocal space lattice of crystals
- Brillouin's theoremIn quantum chemistry, Brillouin's theorem, proposed by the French physicist Léon Brillouin
- Bristol blue glassDistinctive type of coloured glass made in Bristol, England
- British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918)A revival of the art and craft of stained-glass window manufacture took place in early 19t
- BrittlenessLiability of breakage from stress without significant plastic deformation
- Bromophenol blueBromophenol blue (3′,3″,5′,5″-tetrabromophenolsulfonphthalein, BPB), albutest is used as a
- Bronze (color)Metallic brown resembling the alloy bronze
- Brooke BenjaminEnglish mathematical physicist and mathematician
- Brookhaven National LaboratoryAmerican laboratory in Upton, New York
- BrownColor
- Brown-dwarf desertConcept in astronomy
- Brownian dynamicsIdeal molecular motion where no average acceleration takes place
- Brownian motionRandom motion of particles suspended in a fluid
- Brownian noiseType of noise produced by Brownian motion
- Brownian ratchetPerpetual motion device
- BRST quantizationFormulation to quantize gauge field theories in physics
- Bruce Allen (physicist)American physicist and director of the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
- Bruce BoltSeismologist and academic
- Bruno CoppiItalian-American physicist
- Brunt–Väisälä frequencyMeasure of fluid stability against vertical displacement
- Bryce DeWittAmerican theoretical physicist (1923–2004)
- BSSN formalismFormalism of general relativity
- Bubble (physics)Globule of one substance in another, typically gas in a liquid
- Bubble chamberVessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid
- Bucket argumentThought experiment in physics
- BucklingSudden change in shape of a structural component under load
- Buffer-gas trapDevice used to accumulate positrons
- Building engineering physicsThe term building engineering physics was introduced in a report released in January 2010
- Bulk modulusResistance of a material to uniform pressure
- Bulk movementIn cell biology, bulk flow is the process by which proteins with a sorting signal travel t
- BulletProjectile propelled by a firearm, sling, or air gun
- Bulletproof glassProjectile-resistant transparent armor
- BuoyancyUpward force that opposes the weight of an object immersed in fluid
- Bureau des LongitudesThe Bureau des Longitudes (French: ) is a French scientific institution, founded by decree
- Burgers materialA Burgers material is a viscoelastic material having the properties both of elasticity and
- Burgers vortexIn fluid dynamics, the Burgers vortex or Burgers–Rott vortex is an exact solution to the N
- Burgers' equationPartial differential equation
- Burgundy (color)Purplish, dark-red color
- Burt OvrutBurt Ovrut is an American theoretical physicist best known for his work on heterotic strin
