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- A4GALTLactosylceramide 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by t
- AABBAABB (Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies) is an international, not-fo
- Abdominal aortaLargest artery in the abdomen
- Abdominal external oblique muscleSkeletal muscle in the abdomen
- Abdominal fasciaAbdominal fascia refers to the various types of fascia found in the abdominal region. Fasc
- Abdominal hairHair that grows on the abdomen
- Abdominal internal oblique muscleMuscle in the abdominal wall
- Abdominal wallBoundary of abdominal cavity
- Abdominopelvic cavityBody cavity that consists of the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity
- Abducens nerveCranial nerve VI, for eye movements
- Abductor digiti minimi muscle of footMuscle which lies along the lateral (outer) border of the foot
- Abductor digiti minimi muscle of the handMuscle in the hypothenar compartment
- Abductor pollicis brevis muscleThe abductor pollicis brevis is a muscle in the hand that functions as an abductor of the
- Abductor pollicis longus muscleMuscle in the forearm moving the thumb
- Absorption (skin)Route by which substances can enter the body through the skin
- Accelerated idioventricular rhythmMedical condition
- Accessory nerveCranial nerve XI, for head and shoulder movements
- Accessory pathwayAdditional electrical connection between parts of the heart
- Accessory spleenSmall nodule found apart from the main body of the spleen
- Accessory visual structuresExternal parts of the eye
- Accommodation reflexReflex action of the human eye
- Accompanying artery of ischiadic nerveThe accompanying artery of ischiadic nerve is a long, slender artery in the thigh. It bran
- AcetabulumCavity where the thigh bone (femur) articulates with the pelvis
- Acetabulum (cup)In ancient dining, an acetabulum (Greek: ὀξίς, ὀξύβαφον, ὀξυβάφιον) was a vinegar-cup, whi
- Acetabulum (morphology)Acetabulum (pl.: acetabula) in invertebrate zoology is a saucer-shaped organ of attachment
- AcetylcysteineMedication used to treat overdose of paracetamol
- Achilles tendonTendon at the back of the lower leg
- Acid ash hypothesisThe acid-ash hypothesis is a medical hypothesis which suggests that excessively acidic die
- Acid-sensing ion channelClass of transport proteins
- Acid–base disorderAbnormality of the human body's normal balance of acids and bases
- AcidosisBiological process which decreases blood pH
- Acoustic reflexMuscle contraction in the middle ear in response to loud sound
- Acromioclavicular jointShoulder junction between the scapula and the clavicle
- ActigraphyNon-invasive method of monitoring human rest/activity cycles
- Actin remodeling of neuronsProcess of remodeling actin filaments in neurons
- Action spectrumGraph of the rate of biological effectiveness plotted against wavelength of light
- Activated clotting timeMedical diagnostic method
- Activated protein C resistanceMedical condition
- Activation-induced cytidine deaminaseActivation-induced cytidine deaminase, also known as AICDA, AID and single-stranded DNA cy
- Activation-synthesis hypothesisNeurobiological theory
- Active zoneSynapse-related term in neuroscience
- Activity-dependent plasticityNeuroplasticity that arise from use of cognitive functions
- Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated proteinProtein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
- Adam Drummond (surgeon)Scottish surgeon-apothecary
- Adam's appleFeature of the neck
- Adams–Stokes syndromeMedical condition
- ADAMTSADAMTS (short for a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) is a fam
- Adaptation (eye)Response of the eye to light and dark
- AddressinMucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) is a protein that in humans
- Adductor brevis muscleMuscle in the thigh situated immediately behind the pectineus and adductor longus
- Adductor canalAponeurotic tunnel in the middle third of the thigh
- Adductor hiatusIn human anatomy, the adductor hiatus also known as hiatus magnus is a hiatus (gap) betwee
- Adductor longus muscleSkeletal muscle located in the thigh
- Adductor magnus muscleMuscle in the thigh
- Adductor minimus muscleIn human anatomy, the adductor minimus (adductor femoris minimus or adductor quartus) is a
- Adductor muscles of the hipGroup of muscles
- Adductor pollicis muscleMuscle in the thenar compartment
- Adductor tubercle of femurThe adductor tubercle is a tubercle on the lower extremity of the femur. It is formed wher
- Adenine nucleotide translocatorClass of transport proteins
- AdenoidType of tonsil
- AdenosineChemical compound
- Adenosine A1 receptorThe adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) is one member of the adenosine receptor group of G protei
- Adenylate kinaseClass of enzymes
- Adequate stimulusThe adequate stimulus is a property of a sensory receptor that determines the type of ener
- Adherens junctionProtein complexes at cell junctions
- AdipogenesisProcess of stem cells differentiating into fat cells
- Adipose tissue macrophagesMacrophages present in adipose tissue
- Adrenal cortexCortex of the adrenal gland
- Adrenal medullaCentral part of the adrenal gland
- Adrenergic cell group C1Adrenergic cell group C1 is a group of cells that show evidence of containing phenylethano
- Adrenocortical hormoneHormones produced by the adrenal cortex
- Adult neurogenesisGenerating of neurons from neural stem cells in adults
- Advanced sleep phase disorderMedical condition
- AdventitiaThe adventitia ( ad-ven-TI-shuh) is the outer layer of fibrous connective tissue surroundi
- AfaminAfamin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AFM gene.
- Affective neuroscienceStudy of the neural mechanisms of emotion
- Affective sensationSensation accompanied with a strong compulsion to act on it
- Afferent arteriolesThe afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excr
- Afferent nerve fiberAxonal projections that arrive at a particular brain region
- AfterdepolarizationAbnormal depolarizations of cardiac myocytes
- AfterhyperpolarizationPhase of a neuron's action potential
- AfterimageIllusion of image persistence
- AfterloadPressure in the wall of the left ventricle during ejection
- Agenesis of the corpus callosumBirth defect of the development of the brain
- Agglutination (biology)Type of antibody response
- AggrecanAggrecan (ACAN), also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or cho
- Agonal heart rhythmIn medicine, an agonal heart rhythm is a variant of asystole. Agonal heart rhythm is usual
- Agonal respirationEmergent abnormal pattern of breathing
- AgranulocyteOne of the two types of white blood cells
- Airway basal cellAirway basal cells are found deep in the respiratory epithelium, attached to, and lining t
- Airway obstructionBlockage in the respiratory system
- Akinetic mutismDisorder of diminished motivation
- AlbuminFamily of globular proteins
- AlbuminuriaAbnormal presence of albumin in the urine
- Alcohol and cortisolEffect of alcohol on the human body
- AlertnessState of active attention by high sensory awareness such as being watchful
- Alessandra GilianiItalian anatomist
- Algor mortisAlgor mortis (from Latin algor 'coldness' and mortis 'of death'), the third stage of death
- Alkaline dietFad diet
- AlkalosisIncreased blood pH
- All-or-none lawPrinciple in physiology
- AllantoisEmbryonic structure
- Allergic inflammationAllergic inflammation is an important pathophysiological feature of several disabilities o
- Alloantigen recognitionAlloantigen recognition refers to immune system recognition of genetically encoded polymor
- AllocortexType of cerebral cortex in the brain
- AllostasisBiological concept
- Allostatic loadWear and tear on the body due to stress
- AllysineAllysine is a derivative of lysine that features a formyl group in place of the terminal a
- Alpha 1-antichymotrypsinProtein found in humans
- Alpha 2-antiplasminProtein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
- Alpha cellGlucagon secreting cell
- Alpha granuleAlpha granules, (α-granules) also known as platelet alpha-granules are a cellular componen
- Alpha motor neuronLarge lower motor neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord
- Alpha waveNeural oscillations in the frequency range of 8–12 Hz
- Alpha WavesAlpha Waves is a 1990 3D game that combines labyrinthine exploration with platform gamepla
- Alpha-1 antitrypsinMammalian protein found in humans
- Alpha-2-MacroglobulinLarge plasma protein found in the blood
- AlphaFoldArtificial intelligence program by DeepMind
- Altered level of consciousnessMeasure of arousal other than normal
- Alternative complement pathwayType of cascade reaction of the complement system
- Alternative oxidaseProtein family
- Alveolar gas equationThe alveolar gas equation is the method for calculating partial pressure of alveolar oxyge
- Alveolar macrophageMacrophage found in the lungs
- Alveolar processRegion of jaw bones containing tooth sockets
- Alveolar–arterial gradientThe Alveolar–arterial gradient (A-aO2, or A–a gradient), is a measure of the difference be
- Alvin LibinAlvin G. Libin OC AOE (born April 22, 1931) is a Canadian businessman and philanthropist.
- Alzheimer type II astrocyteSuspected pathological cell type in the brain
- Amacrine cellType of neuron in the retina
- Amadori rearrangementThe Amadori rearrangement is an organic reaction describing the acid or base catalyzed iso
- AmantadineMedication used to treat dyskinesia
- AmeloblastCells which deposit enamel during tooth development
- American Association for AnatomyProfessional organization advancing anatomical science, education, and research
- American Society of HematologyOrganization
- AmnionInnermost membranous sac that surrounds and protects a developing embryo
- Amniotic fluidFluid surrounding a fetus within the amnion
- Amniotic sacSac in which the fetus develops in amniotes
- AMPA receptorTransmembrane protein family
- Amparo Acker-PalmerMolecular biologist from Spain
- Ampulla of VaterOrgan duct
- Amygdala hijackType of emotional response
- Amygdalofugal pathwayEfferent pathway of the amygdala
- Amyloid plaquesExtracellular deposits of the amyloid beta protein
- Anal canalFunctional segment of the large intestine
- Anal triangleThe anal triangle is the posterior part of the perineum. It contains the anus in mammals.
- AnalepticDrug class
- AnaphylatoxinProtein domain
- Anaplerotic reactionsChemical reaction
- AnastomosisConnection or opening between two things
- Anatomical planeAnatomy method to describe locations
- Anatomical snuffboxIndent on back of hand between tendons
- Anatomical terminologyScientific terminology used by anatomists, zoologists, and health professionals
- Anatomical terms of boneMany anatomical terms descriptive of bone are defined in anatomical terminology, and are o
- Anatomical terms of locationStandard terms for unambiguous description of relative placement of body parts
- Anatomical terms of microanatomyHistological lexicon for (micro)anatomical structures
- Anatomical terms of muscleMuscles terminology
- Anatomical terms of neuroanatomyTerminology used to describe the central and peripheral nervous systems
- Anatomical Theatre of PaduaTheatre in Padua, Italy
- Anatomy of the cerebellumStructures in the cerebellum, a part of the brain
- Anatomy of the human heartThe heart is a muscular organ situated in the mediastinum. It consists of four chambers, f
- Anaxonic neuronAn anaxonic neuron is a type of neuron where there is no axon or it cannot be differentiat
- Ancient Egyptian anatomical studiesThe Ancient Egyptian anatomical studies is an article about the history of anatomy within
- Andersen–Tawil syndromeRare autosomal dominant genetic disorder
- Androgen esterAn androgen or anabolic steroid ester is an ester of an androgen/anabolic steroid (AAS) su
- AngioedemaDisease characterized by rapid swelling
- AngiogenesisBlood vessel formation, when new vessels emerge from existing vessels
- Angiogenesis inhibitorAn angiogenesis inhibitor is a substance that inhibits the growth of new blood vessels (an
- Angiotensin II receptorClass of G protein-coupled receptors
- Angiotensin II receptor type 2Angiotensin II receptor type 2, also known as the AT2 receptor is a protein that in humans
- Angiotensin-converting enzymeMammalian protein found in humans
- Angular arteryArtery of the face
- Angular gyrusGyrus of the parietal lobe of the brain
- Angular veinVein of the face
- Animal clitorisFemale sex organ in animals
- Animal model of schizophreniaArea of study for clinical research
- Animal models of depressionResearch tools for understanding depressive symptoms in non-human animals
- Animal resistanceResistance by animals to human activities
- Animal tooth developmentProcess by which teeth form and grow into the mouth
- Anion gapDifference in quantities of cations and anions in blood or urine
- Anion-conducting channelrhodopsinAnion-conducting channelrhodopsins are light-gated ion channels that open in response to l
- AnisocoriaUnequal size of the eyes' pupils
- Ankle jerk reflexPhysiological stretch reflex
- AnkyrinAnkyrins are a family of proteins that mediate the attachment of integral membrane protein
- Ann Arbor stagingStaging system for lymphomas
- Anna HuttenlocherAnna Huttenlocher is an American cell biologist and physician-scientist known for her work
- Anne B. YoungAmerican neuroscientist
- Annular ligament of radiusAnatomic structure
- AnosognosiaUnawareness of one's own illness, symptoms or impairments
- Anoxic depolarization in the brainProgressive and uncontrollable depolarization of neurons in the brain
- Ansa cervicalisFrom cervical plexus
- Antebrachial fasciaThe antebrachial fascia (antibrachial fascia or deep fascia of forearm) continuous above w
- Anterior accessory saphenous veinLarge blood vessel
- Anterior atlantooccipital membraneThe anterior atlantooccipital membrane (anterior atlantooccipital ligament) is a broad, de
- Anterior branch of obturator nerveThe anterior branch of the obturator nerve is a branch of the obturator nerve found in the
- Anterior cardinal veinThe anterior cardinal veins (precardinal veins) contribute to the formation of the interna
- Anterior cerebral arteryArtery supplying the brain
- Anterior cerebral artery syndromeAnterior cerebral artery syndrome is a condition whereby the blood supply from the anterio
- Anterior chamber of eyeballSpace in the eye
- Anterior ciliary arteriesThe anterior ciliary arteries are seven arteries in each eye-socket that arise from muscul
- Anterior cingulate cortexBrain region
- Anterior commissureBundle of nerve fibers connecting the two temporal lobes of the brain
- Anterior communicating arteryIn human anatomy, the anterior communicating artery is a blood vessel of the brain that co
- Anterior compartment of legPart of the fascial compartments of leg
- Anterior compartment of thighMuscles which extend the knee and flex the hip
- Anterior ethmoidal arteryThe anterior ethmoidal artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery in the orbit. It exits
- Anterior ethmoidal nerveNerve of the nose
- Anterior grey columnThe anterior grey column (also called the anterior cornu, anterior horn of spinal cord, mo
- Anterior inferior cerebellar arteryMajor blood supply to the cerebellum
- Anterior interosseous arteryBlood vessel
- Anterior interventricular sulcusThe anterior interventricular sulcus (or anterior longitudinal sulcus) is one of two groov
- Anterior jugular veinBlood vessel of the neck
- Anterior longitudinal ligamentLigament running down the front of the vertebral column
- Anterior pituitaryAnterior lobe of the pituitary gland
- Anterior spinal arteryIn human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the artery that supplies the anterior port
- Anterior spinal veinsBlood vessels
- Anterior superior alveolar nerveBranch of the infraorbital nerve
- Anterior superior iliac spineThe anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is a bony projection of the iliac bone, and an im
- Anterior tibial arteryThe anterior tibial artery is an artery of the leg. It carries blood to the anterior compa
- Anterior ulnar recurrent arteryThe anterior ulnar recurrent artery is an artery in the forearm. It is one of two recurren
- Anterior white commissureThe anterior white commissure (ventral white commissure) is a bundle of nerve fibers which
- Anterograde tracingResearch method in neuroscience
- Anterolateral central arteriesThe anterolateral central arteries or lenticulostriate arteries (also anterolateral perfor
- Anterolateral ligamentLigament on the lateral aspect of the human knee
- Anti-apolipoprotein antibodiesIn autoimmune disease, anti-apolipoprotein H (AAHA) antibodies, also called anti-β2 glycop
- Anti-CD22 immunotoxinMonoclonal antibody
- Anti-MAG peripheral neuropathyMedical condition
- Antiarrhythmic agentHeart rhythm medication
- Antigen-presenting cellCell that displays antigen bound by MHC proteins on its surface
- Antiphospholipid syndromeImmune disorder leading to increased risk of blood clots
- AntiserumBlood serum containing antibodies; used to spread passive immunity
- AntithrombinMammalian protein found in humans
- Antithrombin III deficiencyMedical condition
- Aortic archPart of the aorta
- Aortic archesVascular structures in the embryo
- Aortic bodyCell cluster in the aorta which monitors blood content
- Aortic hiatusThe aortic hiatus is a midline opening in the posterior part of the diaphragm giving passa
- Aortic pressureBlood pressure at the root of aorta
- Aortic sacThe aortic sac or aortic bulb is a dilated structure in mammalian embryos, lined by endoth
- Aortic valveValve in the human heart
- AP5AP5 (also known as APV, (2R)-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, or (2R)-amino-5-phosphonopenta
- Apex beatMaximum pulse felt on the chest during heart beat
- ApheresisMedical techniques to separate one or more components of blood
- Apical constrictionOne-sided contraction of a cell
- AplysiaAplysia () is a genus of medium-sized to extremely large sea slugs, specifically sea hares
- Aplysia gill and siphon withdrawal reflexInvoluntary defensive reflex
- ApneaSuspension of breathing
- ApocrineClassification of secretion of exocrine glands
- Apocrine sweat glandOne of several types of glands, in humans and other animals, that secrete sweat
- ApolipoproteinProteins that bind lipids to transport them in body fluids
- Apolipoprotein A-IIProtein found in humans
- Apolipoprotein A-IVProtein-coding gene in humans
- Apolipoprotein A-VProtein-coding gene in humans
- Apolipoprotein AIProtein used in lipid metabolism
- Apolipoprotein BProtein found in humans
- Apolipoprotein C-IProtein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
- Apolipoprotein C-IIIProtein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
- Apolipoprotein C-IVProtein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
- Apolipoprotein DProtein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
- Apolipoprotein ECholesterol-transporting protein most notably implicated in Alzheimer's disease
- Apolipoprotein HProtein-coding gene in humans
- AponeurosisTissue which connects muscles to other organs
- Appendicular skeletonPart of the skeletal system
- AprotininAntifibrinolytic molecule
- Aquaporin-3Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
- Aquatic respirationProcess whereby an aquatic animal obtains oxygen from water
- Aqueous humourFluid in the anterior segment of the eye
- Aquiline noseHuman nose with a prominent bridge
- Arachnoid materWeb-like middle layer of the three meninges
- Arches of the footLoad-bearing curves in the tarsal and metatarsal bones of the feet
- Arcuate fasciculusNeural pathway connecting Broca's area and Wernicke's area
- Arcuate line of rectus sheathThe arcuate line of rectus sheath (the arcuate line or the semicircular line of Douglas) i
- Arcuate nucleus (hypothalamus)Neuron cluster in the hypothalamus
- Arcuate nucleus (medulla)In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the anterio
- Area postremaMedullary structure in the brain that controls vomiting
- ARHGEF9Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARH
- AripiprazoleAtypical antipsychotic medication
- ArmodafinilWakefulness-promoting medication
- Artery of AdamkiewiczLargest anterior segmental medullary artery
- Artery of round ligament of uterusThe artery of the round ligament of the uterus, also known as Sampson's artery, is a branc
- Articular capsule of the knee jointParticular articular capsule
- Articularis genus muscleSmall skeletal muscle
- Artificial intelligence arms raceType of international competition
- Arytenoid cartilagePart of the larynx, to which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are attached
- Ascending aortaPart of the heart
- Ascending colonSection of the large intestine
- Ascending limb of loop of HenleAnatomical structure of the kidney
- Ascending lumbar veinVein on the vertebral column
- Ascending pharyngeal arteryBlood vessel
- Ashman phenomenonMedical condition
- ASIC2Acid-sensing ion channel 2 (ASIC2) also known as amiloride-sensitive cation channel 1, neu
- ASIC3Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) also known as amiloride-sensitive cation channel 3 (ACC
- ASIC4Acid-sensing ion channel 4 (ASIC4) also known as amiloride-sensitive cation channel 4 (ACC
- ASIC5ASIC5 gene is one of the five paralogous genes that encode proteins that form trimeric Aci
- AsomatognosiaAsomatognosia (also Somatoagnosia) is a neurological disorder characterized as loss of rec
- Assessment of kidney functionWays of assessing the function of the kidneys
- Association fiberAxons that connect cortical areas within the same cerebral hemisphere
- Association of American Medical CollegesThe Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization
- AstrocyteType of brain cell
- AstrogliosisAstrogliosis (also known as astrocytosis or referred to as reactive astrogliosis) is an ab
- Asymmetric cell divisionAn asymmetric cell division produces two daughter cells with different cellular fates. Thi
- AsystoleMedical condition of the heart
- Ataxic respirationAbnormal pattern of breathing (also known as Biot's respirations)
- Atlanto-axial jointJoint in the upper part of the neck
- Atlanto-occipital jointArticulation between the occipital bone and the cervical atlas
- Atlas (anatomy)First spine bone, supports skull
- ATP hydrolysisCatabolism of ATP into ADP
- ATP synthaseEnzyme
- Atrial flutterAbnormal heart rhythm beginning in the atria
- Atrioventricular blockMedical condition
- Atrioventricular canalStructure in the heart
- Atrioventricular nodal branchThe atrioventricular nodal branch is a coronary artery that supplies arterial blood to the
- Atrioventricular nodeElectrical conducting structure in the heart
- Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardiaAbnormal fast heart rhythm
- Atrioventricular septumWall of the heart chambers
- Auricle (anatomy)Visible part of the ear that is outside the head
- Auriculotemporal nerveBranch of the mandibular nerve
- Aurore Avarguès-WeberFrench neuroscientist (born 1983)
- AutapseChemical or electrical synapse from a neuron onto itself
- Autism-EuropeInternational non-profit association
- Autobiographical memoryMemory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individual's life
- AutohaemorrhagingAction of animals deliberately ejecting blood from their bodies
- Autologous blood therapyTherapy using a patient's own blood
- Autologous conditioned serumTreatment method using patient's own blood serum
- Automated patch clampAutomated patch clamping is beginning to replace manual patch clamping as a method to meas
- Automatism (medicine)Set of brief unconscious behaviors
- AutoradiographRadiograph made by recording radiation emitted by samples on photographic plates
- AutoreceptorType of receptor located in the membranes of nerve cells
- AutotransfusionTransfusion with a patient's own blood
- AuxologyStudy of all aspects of human physical growth
- AV nodal reentrant tachycardiaMedical condition
- Ava EastonHealth scientist and researcher
- Avoidance copingEffort to avoid dealing with a stressor
- Avoidance responseResponse that prevents an aversive stimulus
- Axial skeletonBones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate
- AxillaArea of the human body beneath the joint between arm and torso
- Axillary arteryLarge blood vessel bringing oxygenated blood to the thorax
- Axillary lymph nodesLymph nodes in the human armpit
- Axillary nerveNerve of the human body near the armpit
- Axis (anatomy)Second cervical vertebra of the spine
- Axo-axonic synapseType of synapse
- AxolemmaCell membrane of an axon
- Axon guidanceNeuroscience field
- Axon hillockPart of the neuronal cell soma from which the axon originates
- Axon reflexThe axon reflex (or the flare response) is the response stimulated by peripheral nerves of
- Axon terminalNerve fiber part
- Axonal transportMovement of organelles
- AxoplasmCytoplasm found within the axon of a neuron
- Azygos veinHuman blood vessel by the spine
