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- B cellType of white blood cell
- B3 domainDNA binding domain
- BabesiaGenus of protozoan parasites
- Babesia canisBabesia canis is a parasite that infects red blood cells and can lead to anemia. This is a
- Babraham InstituteLife sciences research institution
- BacillaceaeFamily of bacteria
- BacillalesOrder of bacteria
- BacillariophyceaeClass of diatoms
- BacillatiKingdom of land bacteria
- BacilliClass of bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes
- Bacillus (shape)A bacillus (pl.: bacilli), also called a bacilliform bacterium or often just a rod (when t
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciensSpecies of bacterium
- Bacillus cereusSpecies of bacterium
- Bacillus cereus biovar anthracisBacillus cereus biovar anthracis is a variant of the Bacillus cereus bacterium that has ac
- Bacillus firmusBacillus firmus is an aerobic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped species of bacteria within the ge
- Bacillus isolatesSpecies of bacterium
- Bacillus mycoidesBacillus mycoides is a bacterium of the genus Bacillus. Like other Bacillus species, B. my
- Bacillus thuringiensisSpecies of bacteria used as an insecticide
- BackcrossingBackcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual geneticall
- Background extinction rateStandard rate of extinction
- Bacterial artificial chromosomeDNA construct
- Bacterial capsulePolysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell envelope in many bacteria
- Bacterial cell structureSpecialized anatomy and physiology of bacteria
- Bacterial cellular morphologiesShapes characteristic of certain bacteria and archaea
- Bacterial celluloseOrganic compound
- Bacterial conjugationMethod of bacterial gene transfer
- Bacterial DNA binding proteinIn molecular biology, bacterial DNA binding proteins are a family of small, usually basic
- Bacterial effector proteinBacterial effectors are proteins secreted by pathogenic bacteria into the cells of their h
- Bacterial genomeGenome of bacteria
- Bacterial growthGrowth of bacterial colonies
- Bacterial morphological plasticityType of physical variation in bacteria
- Bacterial motilityAbility of bacteria to move independently using metabolic energy
- Bacterial nanowiresBacterial nanowires (also known as microbial nanowires) are electrically conductive append
- Bacterial outer membranePlasma membrane found in gram-negative bacteria
- Bacterial phylaPhyla of the domain Bacteria
- Bacterial secretion systemProtein complexes present on the cell membranes of bacteria for secretion of substances
- Bacterial small RNABacterial small RNAs are small RNAs produced by bacteria; they are 50- to 500-nucleotide n
- Bacterial soft rotBacterial plant disease
- Bacterial stress responseThe bacterial stress response enables bacteria to survive adverse and fluctuating conditio
- Bacterial taxonomyRank based classification of bacteria
- Bacterial therapyBacterial therapy is the therapeutic use of bacteria to treat diseases. Bacterial therapeu
- Bacterial transcriptionProcess in genetics
- Bacterial translationProtein synthesis process in bacteria
- Bacterial wiltBacterial wilt is a complex of diseases that occur in plants such as Cucurbitaceae and Sol
- Bacterial, archaeal and plant plastid codeGenetic code found in bacteria, archaea, and plant plastids
- BactericideAgent which kills bacteria
- BacteriochlorophyllChemical compound
- BacteriologistProfessional trained in bacteriology
- BacteriologySubdiscipline of microbiology that studies bacteria
- BacteriorhodopsinProtein used by single-celled organisms
- BacterivoreA bacterivore is an organism which obtains energy and nutrients primarily or entirely from
- BacteroidalesOrder of bacteria
- BactoprenolBactoprenol also known as dolichol-11 and (isomerically vaguely) C55-isoprenyl alcohol (C5
- Bagvalal peopleThe Bagvalal (also called Bagulal, Kwantl Hekwa, Bagolal, Kwanadi, Bagulaltsy, Kvanadin, a
- Balamuthia mandrillarisSpecies of pathogenic Amoebozoa
- Balancing selectionType of biological selective process
- BalantidiumBalantidium is a genus of ciliates. It contains the parasitic species Balantidium coli, th
- Balantidium coliSpecies of single-celled organism
- BALB/cBALB/c is an albino, laboratory-bred strain of the house mouse from which a number of comm
- Barbara MawerBritish biochemist and medical researcher
- BarnaseBarnase (a portmanteau of "BActerial" "RiboNucleASE") is a bacterial protein that consists
- Barr bodyForm taken by the inactive X chromosome in a female somatic cell
- BartonellaGenus of bacteria
- Bartonella alsaticaBartonella alsatica is a bacterium. Like other Bartonella species, it can cause disease in
- Bartonella bacilliformisSpecies of bacterium
- Bartonella elizabethaeBartonella elizabethae, formerly known as Rochalimaea elizabethae, is a bacterium in the g
- Bartonella henselaeSpecies of bacterium
- Bartonella quintanaSpecies of bacterium
- Bartonella rochalimaeSpecies of bacterium
- Bartonella vinsoniiBartonella vinsonii is a gram-negative bacteria from the genus Bartonella which was isolat
- BartonellosisInfection by bacteria of genus Bartonella
- Basal (phylogenetics)Root of a phylogenetic tree
- Basal gangliaGroup of subcortical nuclei involved in the motor and reward systems
- Basal metabolic rateRate of energy expenditure by an endotherm at rest
- Base excision repairDNA repair process
- Base pairTwo nucleobases bound by hydrogen bonds
- Basement membraneThin fibrous layer between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue in animals
- Basic helix–loop–helixA basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) is a protein structural motif that characterizes one of th
- BasidiumFungal structure
- BasophilType of white blood cell
- Bast fibrePlant fibre used for textiles, rope, and paper
- Bateman's principleBiological principle about the differential reproductive success in males versus females
- Batesian mimicryBluffing imitation of a species with strong defenses
- Bauhinia glabraBauhinia glabra, also commonly referred to as the monkey step/ladder, is more often introd
- Bcl-2Protein found in humans
- BCL10B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL10 gene. Like
- BCL3B-cell lymphoma 3-encoded protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL3 gene.
- BCL9B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL9 gene.
- BeakFacial structure found in birds and various other animal clades
- Beaver damDam constructed by beavers
- Beefsteak NaziCommunists and socialists who joined the Nazi Party
- Beet vascular necrosisBeet vascular necrosis and rot is a soft rot disease caused by the bacterium Pectobacteriu
- BeggiatoaGenus of bacteria
- BelchingRelease of gas from the upper digestive tract through the mouth
- Bengal slow lorisThe Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) or northern slow loris is a strepsirrhine p
- Benson GinsburgAmerican geneticist
- Bergey's Manual of Systematic BacteriologyManual for identifying prokaryotic organisms
- Bernard KettlewellHenry Bernard Davis Kettlewell (24 February 1907 – 11 May 1979) was a British geneticist,
- Bet hedging (biology)Biological theorem
- Beta diversityRatio of regional to local species diversity in ecology
- Beta thalassemiaHereditary blood disorder causing anemia
- Beta turnβ turns (also β-bends, tight turns, reverse turns, Venkatachalam turns) are the most commo
- Beta-2 microglobulinβ2 microglobulin (B2M) is a component of MHC class I molecules. MHC class I molecules have
- Beta-lactamaseClass of enzymes
- BetaherpesvirinaeSubfamily of viruses
- BetalipothrixvirusBetalipothrixvirus is a genus of viruses in the family Lipothrixviridae. Archaea serve as
- BetaproteobacteriaClass of bacteria
- Betula leopoldaeBetula leopoldae is an extinct species of birch in the family Betulaceae. The species is k
- BeutenbergiaceaeBeutenbergiaceae is an Actinomycete family.
- Bicolored frogThe bicolored frog or Malabar frog (Clinotarsus curtipes) is a species of frog endemic to
- BifidobacteriaceaeThe Bifidobacteriaceae are the only family of bacteria in the order Bifidobacteriales. Acc
- Bifidobacterium bifidumSpecies of bacterium
- Bifidobacterium longumSpecies of bacterium
- Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathyBilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is a bilateral enlargement of the lymph nodes of pulmonary
- BileDark greenish-brown fluid aiding in the digestion of fats
- Binary compounds of siliconBinary compounds of silicon are binary chemical compounds containing silicon and one other
- Bio-inkMaterials used to 3D print artificial tissue
- BiobankRepository of biological samples used for research
- BiobatteryEnergy storing device powered by organic compounds
- BiocapacityEstimate of an ecosystem's production of certain biological materials
- Biochemical cascadeSeries of chemical reactions resulting in a cell response
- BiochemistScientist specialized in biochemistry
- BiocontainmentPhysical containment of pathogenic organisms or agents in microbiology laboratories
- Biocontainment of genetically modified organismsMeasures to prevent escape of GMOs
- BiodegradationDecomposition by living organisms
- BiodistributionCompound tracking method
- Biodiversity lossExtinction of species or loss of species in a given habitat
- BiofabricationScientific field
- BiofilmFilm of microorganisms on a surface
- Biofilm preventionStopping microbes attaching to a surface
- BiogasGases produced by decomposing organic matter
- Biogeographic realmBroadest biogeographic division of Earth
- BiogeographyStudy of distribution of species
- BiogeologyBiogeology is the study of the interactions between the Earth's biosphere and the lithosph
- BioindicatorSpecies that reveals the status of an environment
- BioinformaticsComputational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
- Biological carbon fixationSeries of interconnected biochemical reactions
- Biological computationConceptual computation method
- Biological computingBiological molecules for computations
- Biological constraintsBiological factors limiting evolution
- Biological data visualizationBranch of bioinformatics
- Biological determinismResearch paradigm in behavioural genetics
- Biological dispersalMovement of individuals from their birth site to a breeding site
- Biological exponential growthBiological exponential growth is the unrestricted growth of a population of organisms, occ
- Biological illustrationUse of technical illustration in biology
- Biological immortalityState in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing
- Biological interactionEffect that organisms have on other organisms
- Biological life cycleSeries of stages of an organism
- Biological membraneEnclosing or separating membrane in organisms acting as selective semi-permeable barrier
- Biological organisationHierarchy of complex structures and systems within biological sciences
- Biological ornamentA biological ornament is a characteristic of an animal that appears to serve a decorative
- Biological patentPatent on an invention in the field of biology
- Biological patents in the United StatesType of patents in the United States
- Biological pathwaySeries of molecular interactions within a cell that produces some outcome
- Biological specificityTendency of a characteristic to occur in a particular species
- Biological specimenMaterial from an organism used for biological research
- BiologistScientist studying living organisms
- Biology and political orientationCorrelation between human biology and political tendencies
- Biology and sexual orientationField of sexual orientation research
- BioluminescenceEmission of light by a living organism
- BiomagnificationProcess of progressive accumulation in food chain
- BiomarkerIndicator of a biological state or condition
- BiomedicineBranch of medical science
- BiopolymerPolymer produced by a living organism
- Biopolymers (journal)Biopolymers is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the study of biopolyme
- BioprocessProcess that uses living cells to obtain desired products
- BiorepositoryPlace in which biological materials are stored and preserved
- BiosafetyPrevention of large-scale loss of biological integrity
- Biosafety cabinetType of laboratory equipment
- Biosafety levelSet of biocontainment precautions
- BiosemioticsBiology interpreted as a sign system
- Biosemiotics (journal)Biosemiotics is a triannual peer-reviewed scientific journal on biosemiotics published by
- BiospeleologyStudy of organisms that live in caves
- BiostasisBiostasis is the ability of an organism to tolerate environmental changes without having t
- BiosurfactantSurfactant of microbial origin
- BiosynthesisProcess where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms
- Biotechnology riskExistential threat from biological sources
- Biotic stressBiological harm to an organism
- BiovarA biovar is a variant prokaryotic strain that differs physiologically or biochemically fro
- Bird anatomyPhysiological structure of birds' bodies
- Bird migrationSeasonal movement of birds
- Bird nestPlace where a bird lays its eggs
- Bird vocalizationSounds birds use to communicate
- Bird wingPaired forelimb that allows birds to fly
- BirnaviridaeFamily of viruses
- Birth rateTotal number of live births per 1,000 divided by time period
- Bismarck masked flying foxThe Bismarck masked flying fox (Pteropus capistratus) is a species of flying fox in the fa
- Bisulfite sequencingLab procedure detecting 5-methylcytosines in DNA
- Bitter taste evolutionEvolution of bitter taste receptors
- Bivalent (genetics)One pair of homologous chromosomes in a tetrad
- Black hairHuman hair color
- Blackleg (potatoes)Blackleg is a plant disease of potato caused by pectolytic bacteria that can result in stu
- BlastocystisGenus of single-celled organisms
- BlastulationSphere of cells formed during early embryonic development in animals
- Blautia wexleraeSpecies of bacterium
- BlepharismaGenus of single-celled organisms
- BlightSpecific symptom affecting plants in response to infection by a pathogenic organism
- BlinkingRapid closing and opening of the eyelid
- Blood cellCell produced by hematopoiesis
- Blood plasmaLiquid component of blood
- Blood vesselTubular structure carrying blood
- Blood–brain barrierSemipermeable capillary interface between blood and the brain
- Blue–white screenDNA screening technique
- Body (biology)Physical structure of a living creature
- Body cavityInternal space within a multicellular organism
- Body fluidLiquids inside of the body, sometimes excreted or secreted
- Body hairHair on the human body during and after puberty
- Body planSet of morphological features common to members of a phylum of animals
- BogoriellaceaeBogoriellaceae is an Actinomycete family.
- BoidsBoids is an artificial life program, developed by Craig Reynolds in 1986, which simulates
- Bone marrowSemi-solid tissue in the spongy portions of bones
- BordetellaGenus of bacteria
- Bordetella ansorpiiBordetella ansorpii is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative bacterium from the genus Bordetel
- Bordetella aviumBordetella avium is a gram negative, nonfermentative, strictly aerobic, motile bacterium f
- Bordetella bronchisepticaBordetella bronchiseptica is a small, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Bor
- Bordetella holmesiiBordetella holmesii is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Bordetella. It w
- Bordetella parapertussisBordetella parapertussis is a small Gram-negative bacterium of the genus Bordetella that i
- Bordetella petriiBordetella petrii is a bacterium of the genus Bordetella isolated from different habitats,
- Bordetella trematumBordetella trematum is a species of Gram-negative bacteria identified in 1996 by compariso
- Borealpox virusBorealpox virus (BRPV) (formerly Alaskapox virus; AKPV) is a species of the Orthopoxvirus
- BornaviridaeFamily of viruses
- Borrelia afzeliiBorrelia afzelii is a species of Borrelia endemic to parts of Eurasia where it is one of t
- Borrelia burgdorferiSpecies of bacteria
- Borrelia recurrentisSpecies of bacterium
- BotrydiumBotrydium is a genus of thalloid algae. Specimens can reach around 2 mm in size and produc
- BottromycinBottromycin is a macrocyclic peptide with antibiotic activity. It was first discovered in
- Boutonneuse feverBoutonneuse fever (also called Mediterranean spotted fever, fièvre boutonneuse, Kenya tick
- Boveri–Sutton chromosome theoryThe Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory (also known as the chromosome theory of inheritance or
- Bowie SeamountSubmarine volcano in the northeastern Pacific Ocean
- BPIFA4PBPI fold containing family A, member 4 (BPIFA4) is a non-human protein encoded by the Bpif
- Braarudosphaera bigelowiiBraarudosphaera bigelowii is a coastal coccolithophore in the fossil record going back 100
- BradymetabolismOrganisms with a high active metabolism
- BradyrhizobiumBradyrhizobium is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria, many of which fix nitrogen. Nitr
- Brain abscessBrain abscess (or cerebral abscess) is an abscess within the brain tissue caused by inflam
- Brain deathPermanent loss of brain function
- Brainstem deathBrainstem death is a clinical syndrome defined by the absence of reflexes with pathways th
- BranchStructural part of trees and plants
- Branch migrationBranch migration is the process by which base pairs on homologous DNA strands are consecut
- Branched DNA assayAssay to detect nucleic acid
- Branches of microbiologyList of scientific disciplines
- Branching order of bacterial phyla (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)There are several models of the Branching order of bacterial phyla, one of these was propo
- Branching order of bacterial phyla (Gupta, 2001)There are several models of the Branching order of bacterial phyla, one of these was propo
- Branching order of bacterial phyla (Rappe and Giovanoni, 2003)There are several models of the Branching order of bacterial phyla, the most cited of thes
- Branching order of bacterial phyla (Woese, 1987)There are several models of the Branching order of bacterial phyla, one of these was propo
- BrassinolideBrassinolide is a plant hormone. The first isolated brassinosteroid, it was discovered whe
- BrassinosteroidClass of plant hormones
- Brazilian hemorrhagic feverInfectious disease caused by Sabiá virus
- BRCA1Gene known for its role in breast cancer
- BRCA2Gene known for its role in breast cancer
- BRCC3Lys-63-specific deubiquitinase BRCC36 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BRCC3
- Breech birthBirth of a baby bottom first
- BRENDAOnline database of enzymes
- BrettanomycesGenus of fungi
- BrevibacillusGenus of bacteria
- BrevibacteriumGenus of bacteria
- Bright-field microscopyOptical microscopy illumination technique
- Brigitte BoisselierFrench chemist
- Broad InstituteBiomedical and genomic research center
- Broad-spectrum antibioticTreatment for a wide range of bacteria
- Broca's areaSpeech production region in the dominant hemisphere of the hominid brain
- Brodmann area 18Brodmann area 18, or BA18, is part of the occipital cortex in the human brain. It accounts
- BromodeoxyuridineBromodeoxyuridine (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, BrdU, BUdR, BrdUrd, broxuridine) is a syntheti
- BromoviridaeFamily of viruses
- BronchopneumoniaBronchopneumonia is a subtype of pneumonia. It is the acute inflammation of the bronchi, a
- BronchusAirway in the respiratory tract
- Brood parasitismAnimal reliance on other individuals to raise its young
- Brown hairHuman hair color
- Browsing (herbivory)Type of herbivory
- Bruce AmesAmerican biochemist (1928–2024)
- BrucellaGenus of bacteria
- Brucella abortusBrucella abortus is a Gram-negative bacterium in the family Brucellaceae and is one of the
- Brucella canisSpecies of bacterium
- Brucella cetiBrucella ceti is a gram negative bacterial pathogen of the Brucellaceae family that causes
- Brucella intermediaBrucella intermedia is a bacterium from the genus of Brucella. It was first described by V
- Brucella melitensisSpecies of bacterium
- Brucella suisBacterium that causes swine brucellosis
- BrucellaceaeThe Brucellaceae are a family of the Gram-negative Hyphomicrobiales. They are named after
- Bruniquel CaveCave and archaeological site in France with Neanderthal stalagmite structures
- Brunó Ferenc StraubBrunó Ferenc Straub (5 January 1914 in Nagyvárad, Austria-Hungary (now Oradea, Romania) –
- Buccal nerveThe buccal nerve (long buccal nerve) is a sensory nerve of the face arising from the mandi
- Buchnera aphidicolaBuchnera aphidicola, a member of the Pseudomonadota and the only species in the genus Buch
- BudImmature or embryonic shoot
- BudviciaceaeThe Budviciaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria. This family is a member of the or
- Buettikofer's epauletted fruit batBuettikofer's epauletted fruit bat (Epomops buettikoferi) is a species of megabat in the f
- Buffered charcoal yeast extract agarSelective culture medium
- BulbShort plant stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases for food storage and water
- Bulbar palsyBulbar palsy refers to a range of different signs and symptoms linked to impairment of fun
- BurkholderiaGenus of bacteria
- Burkholderia cenocepaciaSpecies of bacterium
- Burkholderia cepacia complexSpecies of bacterium
- Burkholderia gladioliSpecies of bacterium
- Burkholderia malleiSpecies of bacterium
- Burkholderia pseudomalleiSpecies of tropical soil-dwelling bacterium
- BurkholderialesThe Burkholderiales are an order of Betaproteobacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota. Like
- BurrowUnderground animal home dug in soft dirt
- BZIP domainThe Basic Leucine Zipper Domain (bZIP domain) is found in many DNA binding eukaryotic prot
