Ancient history
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- CacusFigure in Greek and Roman mythology
- Caelian HillOne of the seven hills of Rome, Italy
- CaerusMythical son of Zeus, personification of Kairos
- Caesar (title)Imperial title in the Roman and Byzantine Empires
- Caesar's invasion of MacedoniaMacedonian campaign during Caesar's civil war
- Caesarea in MauretaniaAncient city and bishopric in Roman North Africa
- Caesareum of AlexandriaAncient temple in Alexandria, Egypt
- CaesarionPharaoh of Egypt from 44 to 30 BC
- Caeso Fabius Vibulanus5th-century BC Roman senator and consul
- CalceusFootwear secured by straps worn in Ancient Rome
- CaledoniaGeographical name used by Roman Empire for northern Scotland
- CaledoniansAncient Celtic peoples of Scotland
- Callimachus3rd-century BCE Greek poet, scholar and librarian
- Callimachus (sculptor)Ancient Greek architect and sculptor
- CalliopeMuse of epic poetry
- Callistratus of Aphidnae4th century BCE Athenian orator and general
- CalocaerusUsurper of the Roman Empire
- Calpurnia (wife of Caesar)Last wife of Julius Caesar
- Calpurnia gensAncient Roman family
- CalydonGreek city in ancient Aetolia
- Calydonian boar huntDefeat of a mythical boar by Olympian heroes
- Cambyses IIRuler of the Achaemenid Empire from 530 to 522 BC
- Cameo (carving)Method of carving
- Camp of DiocletianRoman military complex in the Syrian Desert
- Campaign of the ChersoneseMilitary campaign of Demetrius Poliorcetes
- CampaspeMistress of Alexander the Great
- CampitelliCampitelli is the 10th rione of Rome, Italy, identified by the initials R. X, and is locat
- Campus MartiusPublic space in ancient Rome
- CamunniAncient population during the Iron Age
- Çanakkale ProvinceProvince in northwestern Turkey
- CannaeTown in south east Italy
- CanonicalStandard or referential form
- Canopic jarJar in which organs are kept
- Cantabrian WarsFinal stage of the Roman conquest of Hispania
- Cap of invisibilityObject in classical mythology
- CapaneusSon of Hipponous in Greek mythology
- Cape MatapanCape in Greece
- Capital (architecture)Upper part of a column
- Capitoline HillOne of the seven hills of Rome, Italy
- Capitoline MuseumsMuseum in Rome, Italy
- Capitoline WolfBronze sculpture of Rome's founding legend
- Cappadocia (Roman province)Cappadocia was a province of the Roman Empire in Anatolia (modern central-eastern Turkey),
- Capture of Fidenae (435 BC)The Capture of Fidenae was a battle fought in 435 BC between the Fidenates and the Roman R
- Capture of NeapolisThe Capture of Neapolis took place during the Second Samnite War in 327 BC, when the Roman
- CaracallaRoman emperor from 198 to 217
- Caracalla (horse)Caracalla (also known as Caracalla II, 1942 – after 1955) was a French racehorse and sire.
- Carchesium (container)Kind of ancient drinkware
- CardoNorth–south street in ancient Roman cities
- CarinusRoman emperor from 283 to 285
- Carl JacobsenCarl Christian Hillman Jacobsen (2 March 1842 – 11 January 1914) was a Danish brewer, art
- Carlo De Simone (linguist)Carlo De Simone (22 November 1932 – 14 September 2023) was an Italian linguist, specialisi
- Carmagnola (Venice)Byzantine sculpture in Venice, Italy
- Carmen SaeculareLatin hymn by Horace
- CarmignanoCarmignano is a comune (municipality) in the province of Prato, part of the Italian region
- Carmignano VisitationThe Carmignano Visitation is a c.1528-1530 oil on panel painting of the Visitation by Pont
- CarneadesHellenistic skeptic philosopher (214/3 BC - 129/8 BC)
- CarneiaAncient Greek festival
- Carol MeyersCarol Lyons Meyers (born 1942) is an American feminist biblical scholar. She is the Mary G
- CartoucheOval enclosing hieroglyphs of a royal name in Ancient Egypt
- CarusRoman emperor from 282 to 283
- CaryatidLoad-bearing pillar in the figure of a female, Ancient Greece and later
- CassanderKing of Macedonia, Antipatrid dynasty
- CassandraMythological prophetess and princess of Troy
- Cassia gensAncient Roman family
- Cassius DioGreco-Roman statesman and historian (c. 155–c. 235)
- Castel Sant'AngeloHistoric building in Rome, Italy
- Castor and PolluxGreek mythical twins
- CastraRoman term for a fortified military base
- Catacombs of Kom El ShoqafaArchaeological site in Egypt
- Catacombs of RomeAncient burial places in Rome, Italy
- Catalogue of ShipsPart of Iliad, listing towns, war leaders and number of ships
- Catalogue of WomenFragmentary Ancient Greek epic poem
- CatasterismiProse retelling of the mythic origins of stars and constellations
- Categories of New Testament manuscriptsNew Testament manuscripts in Greek can be categorized into five theoretical groups, accord
- Catholic epistlesSeven epistles of the New Testament
- Catilinarian conspiracyAttempted coup in the Roman republic in 63 BC
- CatreusKing in Greek mythology
- Cattle countBasis for taxation in ancient Egypt
- Catullus 64Catullus 64 is an epyllion or "little epic" poem written by Latin poet Catullus. Catullus'
- CauconesTribe of Anatolia
- CaudiumAncient city of the Samnites
- Cave of the ApocalypseUNESCO World Heritage Site in Patmos, Greece
- Cavern deities of the underworldAncient Egyptian minor deities
- Cecrops IKing of Attica in Greek mythology
- Ceionia FabiaCeionia Fabia (flourished 2nd century) was a noble Roman woman and a member of the ruling
- Celio (rione of Rome)Celio (Italian: ) is the 19th rione of Rome, Italy, identified by the initials R. XIX, and
- CellaInner chamber of Ancient Greek or Roman temples
- Celsus2nd-century Greek philosopher
- Celtic settlement of Southeast EuropeMilitary campaigns and settlements of Celtic peoples in southeastern Europe
- Çemberlitaş, FatihÇemberlitaş (Turkish: 'Hooped Stone') is a quarter in the Fatih district of Istanbul on th
- Center for Hellenic StudiesResearch institute in Washington, D.C.
- Central BeltThe Central Belt of Scotland is the area of highest population density within Scotland. De
- Centuria100-man military unit in Ancient Rome
- Centuriate assemblyPopular assembly in the Roman Republic which elected censors, consuls, and praetors
- CenturionArmy officer in Imperial Rome
- Cephalocentric hypothesisAncient Greek doctrine that the brain is the seat of the mind
- CephalusAncient Greek name
- Cephissus (Boeotia)River in Greece
- CerberusMulti-headed dog in Greek mythology
- Ceremonies of ancient GreeceReligious practices in ancient Greece
- Ceres (mythology)Roman goddess of agriculture
- Cesare MaccariCesare Maccari (Italian pronunciation: ; 9 May 1840 – 7 August 1919) was an Italian painte
- CetoAncient Greek sea goddess
- ChalceiaAncient Greek religious festival
- ChalcisCity on the island of Euboea, Greece
- Champagne fairsMedieval trade fairs in France
- ChaoniaHistorical region
- Chaonia, MissouriChaonia is an extinct town in Wayne County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The site was on
- ChaoniansΑncient Greek tribe in the region of Epirus
- Charax SpasinuAncient Persian gulf port city
- Chariot racingAncient Greek, Roman, and Byzantine sport
- Charioteer of DelphiAncient bronze sculpture
- CharitesGreek goddesses of grace and beauty
- Chariton1st-century AD Greek writer
- Charles Edwin WilbourCharles Edwin Wilbour (March 17, 1833 – December 17, 1896) was an American journalist and
- Charmides (dialogue)Work of Plato
- CharonFerryman of Hades in Greek mythology
- Charon's obolCoin placed in or on the mouth of the dead
- Chi RhoSymbol for Jesus Christ (ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ)
- Chigi vaseThe Chigi vase is a Proto-Corinthian olpe, or pitcher, that is the name vase of the Chigi
- Childhood in ancient RomeChildren of ancient Rome
- Children of HeraclesAncient Greek tragedy by Euripides
- ChironCentaur from Greek mythology
- ChiusiChiusi (Etruscan: Clevsin; Umbrian: Camars; Ancient Greek: Klysion, Κλύσιον; Latin: Clusiu
- ChlamysShort cloak of Ancient Greece
- Cholistan DesertDesert in Punjab, Pakistan
- Chosroid dynastyDynasty in medieval Georgia
- Chremonidean WarWar fought by some Greek city-states and Ptolemaic Egypt against Antigonid Macedonian
- Chrism MassThe Chrism Mass is a religious service held in certain Christian denominations, such as Ro
- Christ (title)Title meaning "anointed"
- Christ Among the Doctors (Veronese)Christ Among the Doctors is a painting in oils on canvas by Paolo Veronese, now in the Mus
- Christ ChildDepiction of Jesus up to the age of 12
- Christian interpretations of Virgil's Eclogue 4Christian readings of Virgil's poetry
- Christian views on the classicsChristian views on the classics have varied throughout history. In the early years of Chri
- Christianity as the Roman state religionIn the year before the First Council of Constantinople in 381, Nicene Christianity became
- Christianity in EgyptChristianity is the second largest religion in Egypt. The exact number and proportion of C
- Christianity in the 4th centuryChristianity in the 4th century was dominated in its early stage by Constantine the Great
- Christianization of AlbaniaConversion of early Albania to Christianity
- ChristologyTheological study of Jesus Christ
- Chronology of the ancient Near EastThe chronology of the ancient Near East is a framework of dates for various events, rulers
- ChronosAncient Greek personification of time
- Chryselephantine sculptureAncient Greek sculpture made with gold and ivory
- Chrysippus of ElisSon of Pelops in Greek mythology
- Cicero MinorRoman consul in 30 BC, son of Cicero
- CichyrusCapital of ancient Thesprotia
- CiconesThracian tribe
- Cilicia (Roman province)Roman province located in modern-day Turkey
- Cilician piratesCilician pirates dominated the Mediterranean Sea from the 2nd century BC until their suppr
- CilixPhoenician prince in Greek mythology
- CimiezCimiez (French pronunciation: ; Italian: Cimella) is an upper-class neighborhood in Nice,
- Cimon5th-century BC Athenian statesman and general
- CirceEnchantress-goddess in Greek mythology
- Circumcision of JesusEvent from the life of Jesus
- Circus MaximusAncient Roman circus in Rome
- CirtaAncient Berber and Roman settlement
- Cisalpine GaulRoman province
- CithaeronMountain range in Greece
- Civil religionManifestation of religious values inherent to nations
- Civil wars of the Tetrarchy306–324 wars between Roman co-emperors
- CivitasRoman concept of citizenry as an entity united by law
- Clark HopkinsClark Hopkins (New York City, 16 September 1895 – 1976) was an American archaeologist. Dur
- Classe (port)Port for the imperial capital of Ravenna in the Roman Empire
- Classical antiquityAge of the ancient Greeks and Romans
- Classical architectureArchitectural style, inspired by classical Greco-Roman architectural principles
- Classical demographyStudy of the human population in Antiquity
- Classical education movementRenewal of a traditional liberal arts education
- Classical LatinLiterary form of the Latin language
- Classical mythologyStudy of myths of the Greeks and Romans
- Classical orderStyles of classical architecture, recognizable by the type of column
- Classical receptionAspect of culture
- Classical sculptureSculpture from classical antiquity
- Classical traditionReception of classical Greco-Roman antiquity by the post-classical Western world
- Claudia gensAncient Roman family
- ClaudiusRoman emperor from AD 41 to 54
- Claustra Alpium IuliarumRoman Region
- Cleansing of the TempleEvent in the ministry of Jesus
- Cleanthes3rd-century BC Greek philosopher
- Cleisthenes6th-century BC Athenian lawgiver
- Clemens (impostor)Roman slave and imposter for Agrippa Postumus
- Cleomenes IAgiad King of Sparta from c. 524 BC to c. 490 BC
- Cleomenes III3rd-century BCE king of Sparta, Agiad dynasty
- Cleopatra of Macedon4th-century BC Macedonian princess and queen regent of Epirus
- Cleopatra Selene IIQueen of Mauretania, 25 to 5 BC
- Cleopatra TheaQueen of the Seleucid Empire from 126 to 121 BC
- Cleopatra's Needle (New York City)Ancient Egyptian obelisk in Central Park
- Cleopatra's Needle, LondonAncient Egyptian obelisk in London
- ClioMuse of history in Ancient Greek mythology
- Cloaca MaximaMain sewage system of Ancient Rome
- Clodius AlbinusRoman Emperor in 193
- Clothing in ancient GreeceClothing in ancient Greece refers to clothing starting from the Aegean bronze age (3000 BC
- Clothing in ancient RomeGarments worn by Romans in the classical period
- ClytemnestraFigure from Greek mythology
- CnivaMid-3rd century Gothic king
- Code of Justinian529 codification of Roman law by Justinian I of Byzantium
- Codex Alexandrinus5th-century handwritten Bible copy in Greek
- Codex FreerianusCodex Freerianus, designated by I or 016 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1041 (von Sod
- Codex GlazierCoptic uncial New Testament manuscript
- Codex GregorianusCollection of constitutions of Roman emperors
- Codex HermogenianusThe Codex Hermogenianus (Eng. Hermogenian Code) is the title of a collection of constituti
- Codex Petropolitanus (New Testament)Codex Petropolitanus (Russian, "Петербургский кодекс" Peterburgskiy Kodeks), designated by
- Codex Petropolitanus PurpureusNew Testament manuscript
- Codex Sinaiticus4th-century handwritten Bible copy in Greek
- Codex Vaticanus4th-century Bible manuscript in Greek
- Codices Latini AntiquioresCatalogue of manuscripts in Latin
- Coele-SyriaRegion of Syria in classical antiquity
- Coenus (general)4th-century BC Macedonian officer
- Coffin of NedjemankhAncient Egyptian coffin
- Coffin TextsCollection of ancient Egyptian funerary spells
- CognomenThird name of a citizen of Ancient Rome
- Cohort (military unit)Roman military subdivision
- College of PontiffsHigh priests of ancient Rome
- CollegialityRelationship between members of one profession
- Collegium (ancient Rome)Any association in ancient Rome that acted as a legal entity
- Colonia (Roman)Roman outpost established in conquered territory to secure it
- Colophon (city)Ancient former city in Ionia (in modern Lydia, Turkey)
- Colossi of MemnonTwo Ancient Egyptian statues near Luxor
- Colossus of NeroHistorical bronze statue in Rome
- Colossus of RhodesStatue of the Greek god Helios
- Column of ConstantineRoman monumental column in Istanbul
- Column of MarcianMonumental column in Istanbul, Turkey
- ComesLatin word for companion, Roman court title
- Comes rerum privatarumOfficial of the Roman empire
- ComitatensesThe comitatenses and later the palatini were the units of the field armies of the late Rom
- ComitiumOriginal open-air public meeting space of Ancient Rome
- CommageneGreco-Iranian kingdom (163 BC – 72 AD)
- Commentarii de Bello CiviliDiscussion of the Roman civil war by Julius Caesar
- Commentarii de Bello GallicoAccount of Gallic wars by Julius Caesar
- CommodusRoman emperor from 177 to 192
- Common firecrestThe common firecrest (Regulus ignicapilla), also known as the firecrest, is a very small p
- CommonwealthPolitical community established for common good
- Communicatio idiomatumCommunicatio idiomatum (Latin: communication of properties) is a Christological concept ab
- Composite orderArchitectural order
- Conflict of the OrdersPolitical conflict in the Roman Republic, 500–287 BC
- Confronted animalsConfronted animals, or confronted-animal as an adjective, where two animals face each othe
- Conon5th/4th-century BCE Athenian statesman and general
- Consortium imperiiSharing of Roman imperial authority by two or more emperors
- Conspiracy of Cinadon399 BC attempted coup in Sparta, ancient Greece
- ConstansRoman emperor from 337 to 350
- Constans IIRoman emperor from 641 to 668
- Constans II (son of Constantine III)Constans II (died 411) was the son of Western Roman emperor Constantine III, and served as
- Constantine II (emperor)Roman emperor from 337 to 340
- Constantine III (Western Roman emperor)Roman emperor from 407 to 411
- Constantinian dynastyRoman imperial dynasty in Late Antiquity, r. 293–363
- Constitutio AntoninianaEdict issued by Roman Emperor Caracalla (212)
- Constitution of the Athenians (Aristotle)Work by Aristotle
- Constitution of the Athenians (Pseudo-Xenophon)Treatise on classical Athens
- Constitution of the LacedaemoniansTreatise on ancient Spartan civilization by Xenophon
- Constitution of the Roman EmpireUnwritten set of guidelines and principles of the Roman Empire
- Constitution of the Roman KingdomThe Roman Kingdom's unwritten constitution originated mainly through precedent. During the
- Constitution of the Roman RepublicThe constitution of the Roman Republic was a set of uncodified norms and customs which, to
- Constitutional history of GreeceIn the modern history of Greece, starting from the Greek War of Independence, the Constitu
- Constitutional reforms of AugustusLaws enacted by Roman Emperor Augustus between 30 BC and 2 BC
- Constitutional reforms of SullaRoman laws (82–80 BCE)
- Construction of the Egyptian pyramidsThe construction of the Egyptian pyramids can be explained with well-established scientifi
- ConsulMagistrate or title in various republics and city-states
- Consular tribunePutative archaic Roman executive magistracy
- Contemporary Greek artContemporary Greek art is defined as the art produced by Greek artists after World War II.
- ContioAd hoc public assembly in Ancient Rome
- Contra Celsum3rd-century Christian apologetics work by Origen of Alexandria
- ContuberniumQuasi-marital relationship involving slaves
- Conversion of Paul the ApostleEvent recounted in the New Testament
- Coptic languageLatest stage of the Egyptian language
- Corax of Syracuse5th-century BC Greek rhetorician
- CoregencySituation in a single-person monarchy in which two or more people hold the title
- Corinthian orderOrder of classical architecture
- Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi)2nd century BC Roman noblewoman, mother of the Gracchi
- Cornelia gensAncient Roman family
- Cornelius the CenturionFirst Gentile to convert to Christianity
- CornucopiaMythological symbol of abundance, also called the horn of plenty
- Coronation of the pharaohRitual in Ancient Egypt
- Coronis (mythology)Name of figures in Greek mythology
- Coronis (textual symbol)Symbol found in ancient Greek papyri
- Corpus Inscriptionum LatinarumCollection of ancient Latin inscriptions
- CorrectorPerson or object that practices correction
- CosaAncient Roman city
- Cotys I (Odrysian)Navigational template showing Odrysian kings
- CouncilGroup of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions
- CowroidAncient Egyptian amulet
- Crates of AthensCrates of Athens (Greek: Κράτης ὁ Ἀθηναῖος; died 268–264 BC) was a Platonist philosopher a
- Crates of MallusAncient Greek philosopher
- Crates of ThebesCynic philosopher
- CratinusAncient Athenian comic poet
- Cratylus (dialogue)Platonic dialogue about meaning of names
- CrepidomaFeature in classical Greek architecture
- Cretan BullCreature in Greek mythology
- Cretan War (205–200 BC)Series of battles in the Aegean
- Crete and CyrenaicaProvince of the Roman Empire (67 BC – c. 267 AD)
- CreusaSet index article
- CrispusRoman caesar from 317 to 326
- Criticism of the Book of AbrahamScholarly assessment of Mormon text
- CritoPlatonic dialogue concerning justice and injustice
- CriusTitan in Greek mythology
- CroesusKing of Lydia from 585 or 561 to 547 BC
- CronusRuler of the Titans in Greek mythology
- Crook and flailSymbols of ancient Egyptian royalty
- Crossing the RubiconIdiom meaning a point of no return
- Crouching VenusType of statue
- Crown of justificationIn ancient Egyptian religion, the crown of justification (mꜣḥ n mꜣꜥ ḫrw) was a wreath or f
- Crown of thornsChristian relic
- Crowns of EgyptAny of various headdresses worn in Pharaonic Egypt
- Crypta NeapolitanaAncient Roman road tunnel in Naples, Italy
- CrypteiaCovert armed youth group in ancient Sparta
- CtesiasFifth-century BC Greek physician and historian
- Ctesias (beetle)Ctesias is a genus of beetles in the family Dermestidae, the skin beetles. They are distri
- Cult imageHuman-made object that is venerated for the deity, person, or spirit that it represents
- Cult of DionysusCult in Ancient Greece
- Cult of ZeusThe religious practice in honour of Zeus, known as his "cult", stretched across the Greek
- Cultural influence of MetamorphosesMetamorphoses (Transformations) is a Latin narrative poem by the Roman poet Ovid, consider
- Culture of ancient RomeThe culture of ancient Rome existed throughout the almost 1,200-year history of Ancient Ro
- Culture of GreeceThe culture of Greece has evolved over thousands of years, beginning in Minoan and later i
- Culture of RomeThe culture of Rome in Italy refers to the arts, high culture, language, religion, politic
- Cumaean SibylPriestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Cumae
- CupidAncient Roman god of desire, affection and erotic love
- Cupid and PsycheClassical story of Cupid and Psyche
- CuriaAssembly where issues are discussed and decided
- Curiate assemblyFirst assembly of the people in ancient Rome
- Cursus honorumSequential order of public offices held by politicians in Ancient Rome
- Cursus publicusTransportation system in ancient Rome
- Cuthbert WrightCuthbert Vail Wright (March 20, 1892 – November 28, 1948) was an American literary critic,
- CybeleAnatolian mother goddess
- Cyclops (play)Ancient Greek satyr play by Euripides
- Cyme (Aeolis)Ancient Greek city
- CypriaC. 7th century BCE epic poem
- Cypriot GreekModern Greek language variety spoken by Greek Cypriots
- CyriadesRoman rebel who tried to overthrow emperor Gallienus
- Cyrus the YoungerAchaemenid prince, satrap of Lydia from 408 to 401 BC