Optical, navigation and astronomical
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A
- A535 roadThe A535 road is a non-primary route in England that runs from Holmes Chapel, Cheshire to
- Active opticsShaping technology for reflecting telescopes
- Adaptive opticsTechnique used in optical systems
- Agena target vehicleThe Agena Target Vehicle (; ATV), also known as Gemini-Agena Target Vehicle (GATV), was an
- AgonaliaReligious observance of ancient Rome
- AgonumAgonum is a large genus of ground beetles in the subfamily Harpalinae, tribe Platynini. Th
- Alarm clockType of clock
- Altazimuth mountSupport mechanism with rotation about the horizontal and vertical axes
- AMPTE-CCEAMPTE-Charge Composition Explorer, also called as AMPTE-CCE or Explorer 65, was a NASA sat
- Anno DominiCalendar era based on the birth of Jesus
- AntiqueItem having value because of its age
- Aperture synthesisMixing signals from many telescopes to produce images with high angular resolution
- AprilFourth month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- Arecibo ObservatoryRadio observatory in Arecibo, Puerto Rico
- Ariane 3Ariane 3 was a European expendable carrier rocket, which was used for eleven launches betw
- Ariane flight V88Ariane flight V88 was the failed maiden flight of the Arianespace Ariane 5 rocket, vehicle
- ArmilustriumIn ancient Roman religion, the Armilustrium was a festival in honor of Mars, the god of wa
- Artificial gravityUse of circular rotational force to mimic gravity
- Ary Abramovich SternfeldAry Sternfeld (14 May 1905 – 5 July 1980) was co-creator of the modern aerospace science.
- Asteroid miningExploitation of raw materials from asteroids
- AstronauticsTheory and practice of space travel
- Astronomical AlmanacAnnual publication containing astronomical information
- Astronomical catalogueTabulated list of astronomical objects
- Astronomical filterTelescope accessory used to improve details of viewed objects
- Astronomical interferometerArray used for astronomical observations
- Astronomical year numberingYear numbering system using 0 for 1 BC
- Atlas IIIThe Atlas III (known as the Atlas II-AR (R for Russian) early in development ) was an Amer
- Atlas VExpendable launch system
- AugustEighth month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- AutocollimatorOptical instrument for non-contact measurement of angles
- Autolycus (crater)Autolycus is a lunar impact crater that is located in the southeast part of Mare Imbrium.
B
- BackstaffNavigational instrument
- Baikonur CosmodromeSpaceport in Kazakhstan leased to Russia
- BBC World ServiceInternational radio division of the BBC
- BeiDouChinese global navigation satellite system
- BifocalsEyeglasses with two distinct optical powers
- Big GeminiBig Gemini (or "Big G") was proposed to NASA by McDonnell Douglas in August 1969 as an adv
- Big Joe 1Big Joe 1 (Atlas-10D) launched an uncrewed boilerplate Mercury capsule from Cape Canaveral
- Buddhist calendarLunisolar calendars from Southeast Asia
- Bussard ramjetThe Bussard ramjet is a theoretical method of spacecraft propulsion for interstellar trave
C
- CachecamThe Cachecam, a photographic camera, is mounted inside the rover underbelly, at the top of
- Camera lensOptical device used with a camera to create images
- Camera obscuraOptical device
- Canberra Deep Space Communication ComplexThe Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex (CDSCC) is a satellite communication station
- Carbon-dioxide laserForm of gas laser
- Cassegrain reflectorCombination of concave and convex mirrors
- Cassini–HuygensMission to Saturn (1997–2017)
- Chandra X-ray ObservatoryNASA space telescope launched in 1999
- Chang'e 1Chang'e 1 (; simplified Chinese: 嫦娥一号; traditional Chinese: 嫦娥一號; pinyin: Cháng'é yī hào)
- Charles FrodshamCharles Frodsham (15 April 1810 – 11 January 1871) was a distinguished English horologist,
- CheMinCheMin, short for Chemistry and Mineralogy, is an instrument located in the interior of th
- Chinese Docking MechanismThe Chinese Docking Mechanism is a spacecraft docking mechanism based on the Androgynous P
- Chinese Lunar Exploration ProgramLunar research program (2004–present)
- ChronographType of watch
- Civil timeStatutory local time in some given area
- Cleaning eventA cleaning event is a phenomenon whereby dust is removed from solar panels, in the context
- Clock faceDial of an analogue clock or watch
- Closed-circuit televisionVideo camera system with a limited set of receivers
- Closed-circuit television cameraType of surveillance camera
- CollimatorDevice that narrows or straightens a beam of particles or waves
- Color photographyPhotography that reproduces colors
- Common EraEra names equivalent to AD/BC
- Compass roseFigure on a compass, map, nautical chart
- Computational imagingComputational imaging is the process of indirectly forming images from measurements using
- Contact lensLenses placed on the eye's surface
- Controlled ecological life-support systemControlled (or closed) ecological life-support systems (acronym CELSS) are a self-supporti
- Cosmic Background ExplorerNASA satellite of the Explorer program
- Cryogenic rocket engineType of rocket engine which uses liquid fuel stored at very low temperatures
- Curiosity (rover)NASA rover exploring Mars since 2012
D
- Daan District, TaipeiDaan District (or Da-an District, Da'an District) is an important political, educational,
- DaguerreotypeEarly photographic technique
- DaguerréotypesDaguerréotypes is a 1976 French documentary by Agnès Varda. It features vignettes of life
- Date of the birth of JesusThe date of the birth of Jesus is not stated in the gospels or in any historical sources a
- Datil, New MexicoDatil is a census-designated place in Catron County, New Mexico, United States. As of the
- DecemberTwelfth month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- Delta 3000The Delta 3000 series was an American expendable launch system which was used to conduct 3
- Delta 5000The Delta 5000 series was an American expendable launch system which was used to conduct a
- Digital clockType of clock that displays the time with numbers
- Digital single-lens reflex cameraSingle-lens reflex camera with a digital image sensor and recording mechanism
- Direction findingMeasurement of the direction from which a received signal was transmitted
- Display contrastContrast, in physics and digital imaging, is a quantifiable property used to describe the
- Diver navigationDiver navigation, termed "underwater navigation" by scuba divers, is a set of techniques—i
- Dobsonian telescopeType of Newtonian telescope popularized by John Dobson
- Dog daysHottest part of summer in the Northern Hemisphere
- Dye laserEquipment using an organic dye to emit coherent light
E
- Eagle (Meridiani Planum crater)Eagle is a 22-metre long impact crater located on the Meridiani Planum extraterrestrial pl
- Earth observationInformation about the Earth environment
- EchoStar XVIIEchoStar XVII or EchoStar 17, also known as Jupiter 1, is an American geostationary high t
- Effelsberg 100-metre Radio TelescopeRadio telescope in Bad Münstereifel, Germany
- EphemerisTable of positions of astronomical objects at given times
- Equatorial mountMounting system for camera or telescope
- Esperanza, Arecibo, Puerto RicoEsperanza is a barrio in the municipality of Arecibo, Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010
- Euskirchen (district)Euskirchen (German pronunciation: ) is a Kreis (district) in the south-west of North Rhine
- Everhart–Thornley detectorThe Everhart–Thornley detector (E–T detector or ET detector) is a secondary electron and b
- Explorer 6Explorer 6, or S-2, was a NASA satellite, launched on 7 August 1959, at 14:24:20 GMT. It w
- Explorers ProgramOngoing NASA space exploration program
- Exposure (photography)Amount of light captured by a camera
- Extremely Large TelescopeMajor astronomical facility in Chile
- EyepieceType of lens attached to a variety of optical devices such as telescopes and microscopes
F
- FebruariusFebruarius, fully Mensis Februarius ("month of Februa"), was the shortest month of the Rom
- FebruarySecond month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- Federal Aviation AdministrationU.S. government agency regulating civil aviation
- Fermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeSpace telescope for gamma-ray astronomy launched in 2008
- Fission-fragment rocketThe fission-fragment rocket is a rocket engine design that directly harnesses hot nuclear
- Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical TelescopeRadio telescope in Guizhou, China
- Flash (photography)Device producing a burst of artificial light
- Flat-panel detectorFlat-panel detectors are a class of solid-state x-ray digital radiography devices similar
- Free Presbyterian Church of UlsterThe Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster is a Calvinist denomination founded by Ian Paisley
- French 100 mm naval gunModern French 100 mm naval guns are multipurpose artillery pieces, capable of a high rate
- French Republican calendarCalendar used in Revolutionary France from 1793 to 1805
- Fresnel lensCompact composite lens
- FridayDay of the week
- Frimaire3rd month in the French Republican calendar
G
- GaganyaanIndian crewed orbital spacecraft
- Gaia (spacecraft)European space observatory for astrometry (2013–2025)
- GALEXNASA UV space telescope of the Explorer program, operated 2003-2013
- Galileo (satellite navigation system)European global navigation satellite system
- Galileo projectAmerican space program to study Jupiter (1989–2003)
- GALLEXGALLEX or Gallium Experiment was a radiochemical neutrino detection experiment that ran be
- Gas laserLaser in which electricity is discharged through gas
- Gemini ObservatoryAstronomical observatory
- ĠēolamonaþĠēolamōnaþ or Ȝēolamōnaþ (modern English: Yule month) was the Anglo-Saxon name for the mon
- Geostationary transfer orbitTransfer orbit used to reach geosynchronous or geostationary orbit
- Giant Magellan TelescopeTelescope under construction in Chile
- GLONASSRussian global navigation satellite system
- GogglesForms of protective eyewear that do not enclose the nose
- Gravitational-wave observatoryDevice used to measure gravitational waves
- Green Bank TelescopeRadio telescope in Green Bank, WV, US
- Greenwich Mean TimeAlias for the UTC+00:00 time zone
- Gregorian telescopeType of astronomy magnifier
- Guiana Space CentreFrench and European spaceport in French Guiana
- Gun turretRotatable weapon mount
- Gusset plateIn structural engineering and construction, a gusset plate is a plate for connecting beams
H
- Handheld projectorA handheld projector (also known as a pocket projector, mobile projector, pico projector o
- HazcamHazcams (short for hazard avoidance cameras) are photographic cameras mounted on the front
- Heat Shield RockHeat Shield Rock is a basketball-sized iron-nickel meteorite found on the Meridiani Planum
- Hebrew calendarLunisolar calendar used for Jewish religious observances
- Helium–neon laserType of gas laser
- Herschel Space ObservatoryESA space telescope in service 2009–2013
- Hidden cameraType of surveillance camera
- Highly elliptical orbitA highly elliptical orbit (HEO) is an elliptic orbit with high eccentricity, usually refer
- Hindu calendarCalendar used for religious purposes
- HipparcosEuropean Space Agency scientific satellite
- HourglassDevice to measure the passage of time
- Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization ArrayThe Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) is a radio telescope dedicated to observin
I
- IanuariusIanuarius, Januarius, or January, fully Mensis Ianuarius ("month of Janus") and abbreviate
- IceCube Neutrino ObservatoryNeutrino detector at the South Pole
- Image sensorDevice that converts images into electronic signals
- Inclined orbitA satellite is said to occupy an inclined orbit around Earth if the orbit exhibits an angl
- Indian National Committee for Space ResearchFormer space agency
- Infrared telescopeTelescope that uses infrared light
- Instant cameraType of camera whose film self-develops a short time after the picture is taken
- INTEGRALEuropean space telescope for observing gamma rays
- Intelsat 907Intelsat 907 (or IS-907) was a communications satellite operated by Intelsat.
- Intercalation (timekeeping)Insertion of a leap day, week, or month
- Interference filterWavelength-selective optical filter
- International Atomic TimeTime standard based on atomic clocks
- International Space Station programOngoing space research program
- Interstellar travelHypothetical travel between stars or planetary systems
- Ion thrusterForm of electric spacecraft propulsion
- IRASInfrared space observatory
- ISO 8601International standards for dates and times
- ISROIndian national space and aeronautics agency
J
- Jacob's staffMeasurement tool
- James Webb Space TelescopeNASA/ESA/CSA space infrared telescope launched in 2021
- January1st month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- JAXAJapan's national air and space agency
- Jodrell Bank ObservatoryAstronomical observatory in Cheshire, England
- JulySeventh month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- JuneSixth month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
K
- Kamera lensKamera lens is a unicellular, flagellate organism and the only species in the genus Kamera
- Kennedy Space CenterNASA launch facility in Florida
- Kepler space telescopeNASA space telescope for exoplanetology (2009–2018)
- Kibō (ISS module)Japanese ISS module, used on ISS press conferences
- KourouCommune in French Guiana, France
L
- Landscape photographyPhotography genre
- LarentaliaThe Roman festival of Larentalia was held on 23 December but was ordered to be observed tw
- Large Binocular TelescopeTelescope for optical astronomy
- Launch padFacility from which rockets are launched
- Leap secondIntermittent adjustment to UTC
- LIGOGravitational wave observatory site
- Little Joe (rocket)Little Joe was a solid-fueled booster rocket used by NASA for eight launches from 1959 to
- Lord's DaySunday in Christianity
- LoupeMagnifying device
- Low-Frequency ArrayRadio telescope network located mainly in the Netherlands
- Luna 21959 Soviet uncrewed space mission to impact the surface of the Moon
- Luna 3Soviet lunar probe launched in 1959
- Luna 91966 uncrewed space mission of the Soviet Union's Luna programme
- Lunar calendarCalendar based only on the Moon
- Lunar roverVehicle that travels on the Moon's surface
- Lunisolar calendarCalendar with lunar month, solar year
- Lunokhod 1Soviet lunar rover; first rover to operate on the Moon
- Lyman PageLyman Alexander Page, Jr. (born September 24, 1957) is the James S. McDonnell Distinguishe
M
- Madrid Deep Space Communications ComplexThe Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex (MDSCC; in Spanish and officially Complejo de
- Magic lanternType of image projector
- Magnifying glassConvex lens used to magnify images
- MaiusMaius or mensis Maius (May) was the fifth month of the ancient Roman calendar in the class
- Manned Space Flight NetworkThe Manned Space Flight Network (abbreviated MSFN, pronounced "misfin") was a set of track
- MarchThird month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- MarchingFormal style of walking
- Mare DesideriiMare Desiderii (Latin dēsīderiī, the "Sea of Desires") was an area of the Moon named after
- Marine chronometerClock used on ships to aid in navigation
- Mariner 2First successful mission to Venus (1962–1963)
- Mars roverRobotic vehicle for Mars surface exploration
- MaserDevice for producing coherent EM waves in the sub-visible spectrum
- Mastcam-ZMastcam-Z is a multispectral, stereoscopic imaging instrument. It serves as the primary sc
- MayFifth month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- MedicinaMedicina (Bolognese: Midgénna; Eastern Bolognese: Migìna) is an Italian comune with c. 16,
- Medium Earth orbitEarth-centered orbit above low Earth orbit and below geostationary orbit
- MeerKAT64-antenna radio telescope in South Africa
- Memorial DayFederal holiday in the United States
- Mengtian moduleMengtian (simplified Chinese: 梦天; traditional Chinese: 夢天; pinyin: Mèng Tiān; lit. 'Dreami
- Merate Astronomical ObservatoryMerate Astronomical Observatory is an old observatory in Merate (Lecco), Italy. It has hou
- Mercury-Atlas 1Mercury-Atlas 1 (MA-1) was the first attempt to launch a Mercury capsule and occurred on J
- Mercury-Atlas 3Mercury-Atlas 3 (MA-3) was an unmanned spaceflight of the Mercury program. It was launched
- Mercury-Redstone 1Mercury-Redstone 1 (MR-1) was the first Mercury-Redstone uncrewed flight test in Project M
- MESSENGERNASA mission to Mercury
- Minotaur-CMinotaur-C (Minotaur Commercial), formerly known as Taurus or Taurus XL, is a four stage s
- Molniya (rocket)Soviet rocket
- MondayDay of the week
- Mount Wilson ObservatoryAstronomical observatory in Los Angeles County, California, US
- Multi-exposure HDR captureTechnique to capture HDR images and videos
- Multipath propagationIn radio communication, multipath is the propagation phenomenon that results in radio sign
N
- Names of the days of the weekIn a vast number of languages, the names given to the seven days of the week are derived f
- NASA Astronaut CorpsDivision of NASA which trains astronauts
- NASA Deep Space NetworkNetwork of radio communication facilities run by NASA
- NASA large strategic science missionsSeries of NASA missions to explore the Universe
- NASA Solar Technology Application ReadinessThe NASA Solar Technology Application Readiness (NSTAR) is a type of spacecraft ion thrust
- Nautilus-XNautilus-X (Non-Atmospheric Universal Transport Intended for Lengthy United States Explora
- NavcamNavcam, short for navigational camera, is a type of camera found on certain robotic rovers
- Nd:YAG laserCrystal used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers
- New HorizonsNASA spacecraft (2006–present)
- New Year's DayFirst day of the year in the Gregorian calendar
- Newtonian telescopeType of reflecting telescope
- NivôseNivôse (French pronunciation: ; also Nivose) was the fourth month in the French Republican
- Non-directional beaconRadio transmitter which emits radio waves in all directions, used as a navigational aid
- NovemberEleventh month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- November (Roman month)Month of the Roman calendar
O
- Objective (optics)Lens or mirror in optical instruments
- Octant (instrument)Measuring instrument used primarily in navigation; type of reflecting instrument
- OctoberTenth month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
- One-way mirrorGlass that allows people on one side to see those on the other but not vice versa
- Operations and Checkout BuildingThe Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building (O&C) (previously known as the Manned
- Opportunity (rover)NASA Mars rover deployed in 2004
- Optical coatingMaterial which alters light reflection or transmission on optics
- Optical filterFilters which selectively transmit specific colors
- Optical isolatorOptical component allowing the transmission of light in only one direction
- Optical Telescope ElementOptical Telescope Element (OTE) is a sub-section of the James Webb Space Telescope, a larg
- Opto-isolatorAn opto-isolator (also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator) is an ele
- Orbital spaceflightSpaceflight where spacecraft orbits an astronomical body
- Orion (space telescope)Soviet ultraviolet spectrograph series
P
- Pendulum clockClock regulated by a pendulum
- PentaprismFive-sided reflecting prism
- Performance-based navigationICAO performance-based navigation (PBN) specifies that aircraft required navigation perfor
- PeriscopeInstrument for observation from a concealed position
- Perseverance (rover)NASA Mars rover deployed in 2021
- Phased arrayArray of antennas creating a steerable beam
- PhotographImage created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface
- Photographic lightingPhotographic lighting refers to how a light source, artificial or natural, illuminates the
- Photographic plateTarget medium in photography
- PhotosensitivityReaction to incoming photons
- PilotingNavigating using fixed points of reference on the sea or on land
- Pinhole cameraType of camera
- Pioneer 10First spacecraft to visit Jupiter and the outer Solar System (1972–2003)
- Pioneer 11First spacecraft to visit Saturn (1973–1995)
- Pioneer programSeries of United States uncrewed lunar and planetary space probes (1958-60; 1965-92)
- Plasma Wave SubsystemPlasma Wave Subsystem (sometimes called Plasma Wave System), abbreviated PWS, is an instru
- Pocket watchWatch made to be carried in a pocket
- Portrait photographyType of photography aimed at expressing the personality of the human subject(s)
- PresentPeriod of time occurring now
- Pressure suitProtective suit worn in low-pressure environments
- Primary mirrorMain light-gathering source of reflecting telescope
- Project Gemini1961–1966 US human spaceflight program
- Project MercuryInitial American crewed spaceflight program (1958–1963)
- Project VanguardProject Vanguard was a program managed by the United States Navy Naval Research Laboratory
- ProjectorOptical device that projects an image or moving images onto a surface
Q
R
- Radiation assessment detectorThe Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) is an instrument mounted on the Mars Science Labor
- Radio beaconIn navigation, a radio beacon or radiobeacon is a kind of beacon, a device that marks a fi
- Rangefinder cameraCamera fitted with a rangefinder
- Ranger programThe Ranger program was a series of uncrewed space missions by the United States in the 196
- Reflecting instrumentReflecting instruments are those that use mirrors to enhance their ability to make measure
- Reflecting telescopeTelescopes which utilize curved mirrors to form an image
- Refracting telescopeType of optical telescope
- RELIKT-1Soviet cosmic microwave background experiment on the Prognoz 9 satellite
- RIMFAXThe Radar Imager for Mars' subsurface experiment (RIMFAX) is a ground-penetrating radar on
- Ritchey–Chrétien telescopeSpecialized Cassegrain telescope
- Roman calendarCalendar used in Ancient Rome
- ROSATSatellite X-ray telescope
- Rover (space exploration)Planetary surface exploration vehicle
- Ruby laserSolid-state laser
S
- Salyut 1Soviet space station (1971)
- Satellite navigation deviceDevice to deduce location from satellite signals
- SaturdayDay of the week
- Scanning electron microscopeType of electron microscope
- Scanning tunneling microscopeImaging Instrument
- Schmidt–Cassegrain telescopeType of catadioptric telescope
- Science and Technology Facilities CouncilGovernment agency of the United Kingdom
- Segmented mirrorArray of smaller mirrors designed to act as one large curved mirror
- SELENESELENE (; Selenological and Engineering Explorer), better known in Japan by its nickname K
- SelfiePhotographic self-portrait
- SeptemberNinth month in the Gregorian and Julian calendars
- September (Roman month)Seventh of ten months on the ancient Roman calendar
- September 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)Sep. 17 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - Sep. 19
- September 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)Day in the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
- September 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)September 5 – Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar – September 7
- Service structureA service structure is a steel framework or tower that is built on a rocket launch pad to
- SextilisSextilis (lit. 'sixth') or mensis Sextilis was the Latin name for what was originally the
- Shenzhou 12Shenzhou 12 (Chinese: 神舟十二号; pinyin: Shénzhōu shí'èr hào; lit. 'Divine Boat Number 12') wa
- Shutter speedLength of time when the film or digital sensor inside a camera is exposed to light
- Shuttle-CentaurShuttle-Centaur was a version of the Centaur upper stage rocket designed to be carried alo
- Single-lens reflex cameraCamera that typically uses a mirror and prism system
- Single-person spacecraftA single-person spacecraft is a vehicle designed for space travel. The concept has been us
- SkylabFirst space station launched and operated by NASA (1973–1979)
- Sojourner (rover)First NASA Mars rover on Mars Pathfinder mission
- Sol InvictusLate Roman solar deity
- Solar calendarCalendar based on the seasons or apparent sun position
- Solar observatoryA solar observatory is an observatory that specializes in monitoring the Sun. As such, the
- Solar telescopeTelescope used to observe the Sun
- Solid-state laserLaser which uses a solid gain medium
- Sound suppression systemSites for launching large rockets are often equipped with a sound suppression system to ab
- South Pole TelescopeTelescope at the South Pole
- Soyuz programmeHuman spaceflight programme of the Soviet Union
- Space capsuleType of spacecraft
- Space colonizationConcept of permanent human habitation outside of Earth
- Space industryActivities related to manufacturing components that go into Earth's orbit or beyond
- Space policy of the United StatesThe space policy of the United States includes the making of space policy through the legi
- Space settlementType of space station, intended as a permanent settlement
- Space suitGarment worn to protect a human in space
- Space technologyTechnology developed for use in Space exploration
- Space telescopeInstrument in space to study astronomical objects
- SpaceShipOne flight 15PFlight 15P of SpaceShipOne (X0) was the first privately funded human spaceflight. It took
- SpaceShipOne flight 17PFlight 17P of SpaceShipOne was a spaceflight in the Tier One program that took place on Oc
- SpectrophotometryBranch of spectroscopy
- Spirit (rover)Former NASA Mars rover, active from 2004 to 2010
- Spitzer Space TelescopeNASA infrared space telescope (2003–2020)
- Sputnik 2Second spacecraft launched into Earth orbit (1957)
- Square Kilometre ArrayInternational radio telescope project
- Standard timeSynchronisation of clocks within a geographical region
- Star chartMap of the night sky
- StopwatchHandheld timepiece measuring an amount of time
- Street photographyPhotography genre
- Sub-orbital spaceflightSpaceflight where the spacecraft does not go into orbit
- Subaru TelescopeJapanese telescope and observatory
- SundayDay of the week
- Surface reconstructionSurface reconstruction refers to the process by which atoms at the surface of a crystal as
- Syracuse (satellite)Syracuse (SYstème de RAdioCommunication Utilisant un SatellitE; English: Satellite-based r
T
- Tabular Islamic calendarRule-based variation of the Islamic calendar
- TelecommandA telecommand or telecontrol is a command sent to control a remote system or systems not d
- Telephoto lensA telephoto lens, also known as telelens, is a specific type of a long-focus lens used in
- Telescope mountMechanical structure which supports a telescope
- Testimony of simplicityThe testimony of simplicity is a shorthand description of the actions generally taken by m
- Thin lensLens with a thickness that is negligible
- Thor (rocket family)Thor was a US space launch vehicle derived from the PGM-17 Thor intermediate-range ballist
- ThursdayDay of the week
- Tiangong space stationChinese modular space station (since 2021)
- Tianhe core moduleTianhe (Chinese: 天和; pinyin: Tiānhé; lit. 'Harmony of the Heavens'), officially the Tianhe
- TianlianTianlian (Simplified Chinese: 天链, Traditional Chinese: 天鏈, English: Sky Link) also known a
- Time in the Republic of IrelandIreland uses Irish Standard Time (IST, UTC+01:00; Irish: Am Caighdeánach Éireannach) in th
- Time standardSpecification for measuring time
- TimelineEvents displayed in chronological order
- Transmission electron microscopyImaging and diffraction using electrons that pass through samples
- Tripod (photography)In photography, a tripod is a portable device used to support, stabilize and elevate a cam
- TuesdayDay of the week
- Twin-lens reflex cameraType of camera
U
V
- Vandenberg Space Force BaseUnited States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California
- Very Large ArrayRadio astronomy observatory in New Mexico, US
- Very Large TelescopeTelescope in the Atacama Desert, Chile
- Very Long Baseline ArraySystem of ten radio telescopes
- VHF omnidirectional rangeAviation navigation system
- ViewfinderPhotography device
- Vira Nirvana SamvatCalendar used in Jainism
- Virgo interferometerGravitational-wave detector in Italy
- Virtual retinal displayA virtual retinal display (VRD), also known as a retinal scan display (RSD) or retinal pro
- Voskhod programmeSoviet spaceflight program
- Voyager 1NASA space probe launched in 1977
- Voyager 2NASA space probe launched in 1977
- Voyager Golden RecordTwo phonograph records on board Voyager spacecraft
W
- W. M. Keck ObservatoryAstronomical observatory in Hawaii
- Wallops Flight FacilityAmerican spaceport in Virginia
- Water clockTimepiece in which time is measured by the flow of liquid into or out of a vessel
- Water clock (Indianapolis)The Water Clock, also known as The Giant Water Clock, is in the permanent collection of Th
- WednesdayDay of the week
- Wide-field Infrared Survey ExplorerNASA satellite of the Explorer program
- Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy ProbeNASA satellite of the Explorer program (2001-2010)
- William J. BoruckiWilliam J. (Bill) Borucki (born 1939) is a space scientist who worked at the NASA Ames Res
- Wolter telescopeA Wolter telescope is a telescope for X-rays that only uses grazing incidence optics – mir
X
- X-15 Flight 90Flight 90 of the North American X-15 was a research flight conducted by NASA and the US Ai
- X-15 Flight 91X-15 Flight 91 was an August 22, 1963 American crewed sub-orbital spaceflight, and the sec
- X-ray telescopeTelescope designed to observe remote objects by detecting X-rays
- XMM-NewtonX-ray space observatory